{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:33:34Z","timestamp":1760060014799,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]],"date-time":"2025-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753747200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Special Fund for Science and Technology of Guangdong Province","award":["STKJ202209070","180913154960109"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["STKJ202209070","180913154960109"]}]},{"name":"Specific Fund for Science and the Technology Innovation Strategy of Guangdong Province","award":["STKJ202209070","180913154960109"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["STKJ202209070","180913154960109"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Behavioral Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Developmental dyslexia (DD) affects reading ability and exacerbates mental health challenges among children. This study examines the relationships between reading ability, depressive symptoms, and internalizing and externalizing behavior problems in Chinese school-age children, focusing on potential mediating effects. Methods: A case\u2013control study was conducted with 44 dyslexic children and 81 controls from Shantou, China. Assessments included phonological processing tasks for reading ability, the Depression Self-Rating Scale for Children (DSRS) for depressive symptoms, and the Child Behavior Checklist\/6\u201318 (CBCL\/6\u201318) for behavior problems. Mediation analyses were performed using the PROCESS macro 4.1 for SPSS. Results: Dyslexic children showed significantly poorer reading ability (all phonological tasks, p &lt; 0.001), higher prevalence of depressive symptoms (40.9% vs. 17.3%, p &lt; 0.01), and greater behavior problems (internalizing and externalizing, both p &lt; 0.001) compared to controls. Both depressive symptoms and behavior problems significantly mediated the effects of reading ability on each other, forming a feedback loop that further impairs reading skills. Externalizing behavior problems showed the strongest mediation effect, explaining up to 33.53% of the relationship between depressive symptoms and reading ability. Conclusions: The study reveals a complex interaction between reading ability, depressive symptoms, and internalizing and externalizing behavior problems in Chinese school-age children, suggesting the need for integrated interventions targeting educational and psychological aspects. Further longitudinal research is needed to clarify causal relationships and refine intervention strategies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bs15081032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]],"date-time":"2025-07-29T16:16:10Z","timestamp":1753805770000},"page":"1032","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Reading Ability and Mental Health: Mediating Roles of Depressive Symptoms and Behavior Problems in Chinese School-Age Children"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Xinle","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mental Health Center of Shantou University, Shantou 515065, China"},{"name":"Shantou University Medical College\u2014Faculty of Medicine of University of Manitoba Joint Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Shantou 515065, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5163-2524","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kusheng","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xuanzhi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mental Health Center of Shantou University, Shantou 515065, China"},{"name":"Shantou University Medical College\u2014Faculty of Medicine of University of Manitoba Joint Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Shantou 515065, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiayu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mental Health Center of Shantou University, Shantou 515065, China"},{"name":"Shantou University Medical College\u2014Faculty of Medicine of University of Manitoba Joint Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Shantou 515065, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qianfei","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mental Health Center of Shantou University, Shantou 515065, China"},{"name":"School of Public Health, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Menghan","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mental Health Center of Shantou University, Shantou 515065, China"},{"name":"Shantou University Medical College\u2014Faculty of Medicine of University of Manitoba Joint Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Shantou 515065, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4628-7089","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yanhong","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mental Health Center of Shantou University, Shantou 515065, China"},{"name":"Shantou University Medical College\u2014Faculty of Medicine of University of Manitoba Joint Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Shantou 515065, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Achenbach, T. 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