{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T14:11:51Z","timestamp":1785161511357,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,8]],"date-time":"2025-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757289600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Social Science Fund of China","award":["24BSH097"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24BSH097"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Behavioral Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The present investigation set out to examine potential categories regarding depressive symptoms in frail senior individuals in China and to identify the contributing variables associated with each category, with the goal of informing more targeted mental health interventions. Data were drawn from the 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey, commonly called CHARLS, which comprised an overall cohort of 1083 qualifying respondents. A latent profile analysis (LPA) revealed the following four distinct depression profiles: a Low Depression\u2013High Loneliness Group (38.4%), a Moderately Low Depression\u2013High Suicidal Ideation Group (7.5%), a Moderately High Depression\u2013High Negative Emotion Group (33.4%), and a High Depression\u2013High Suicidal Ideation Group (20.7%). Ordered multi-categorical logistic regression and restricted cubic spline analyses revealed that age, gender, body pain, pension insurance, sleep duration, and frailty index were significant predictors of depression classification. These findings suggest that depressive symptoms among frail older individuals in China are markedly heterogeneous, highlighting the need to develop differentiated intervention strategies for distinct depression risk groups to promote their mental health.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bs15091217","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,8]],"date-time":"2025-09-08T08:06:32Z","timestamp":1757318792000},"page":"1217","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Latent Profile Analysis of Depression and Its Influencing Factors Among Frail Older Adults in China"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-3984-382X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lingling","family":"Ye","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Humanities and Management, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Penghao","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Humanities and Management, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-7445-6121","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Siyuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Humanities and Management, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Rong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Humanities and Management, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2016.09.022","article-title":"Suicide in older men: The health in men cohort study (HIMS)","volume":"93","author":"Almeida","year":"2016","journal-title":"Preventive Medicine"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-3797(18)30622-6","article-title":"Screening for depression in well older adults: Evaluation of a short form of the CES-D (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale)","volume":"10","author":"Andresen","year":"1994","journal-title":"American Journal of Preventive Medicine"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2020.08.012","article-title":"Association between sleep disturbances and frailty: Evidence from a population-based study","volume":"22","author":"Balomenos","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of the American Medical Directors Association"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2145","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)00516-4","article-title":"The World report on ageing and health: A policy framework for healthy ageing","volume":"387","author":"Beard","year":"2016","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1080\/13607863.2019.1698514","article-title":"The relationship of frailty and disability with suicidal ideation in late life depression","volume":"25","author":"Bickford","year":"2021","journal-title":"Aging & Mental Health"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Craik, F. 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