{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T22:48:03Z","timestamp":1793400483159,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757548800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Humanities and Social Science Youth Foundation of the Ministry of Education in China","award":["24YJC190010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24YJC190010"]}]},{"name":"Humanities and Social Science Youth Foundation of the Ministry of Education in China","award":["BRWEP2024W072130118"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BRWEP2024W072130118"]}]},{"name":"Beijing High-Level Public Health Technical Talent Development Project (Academic Backbones-02-09) &amp; the Research Ward Excellence Program for Clinical Research: Parallel Project","award":["24YJC190010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24YJC190010"]}]},{"name":"Beijing High-Level Public Health Technical Talent Development Project (Academic Backbones-02-09) &amp; the Research Ward Excellence Program for Clinical Research: Parallel Project","award":["BRWEP2024W072130118"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BRWEP2024W072130118"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Behavioral Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Despite overparenting being considered a critical factor associated with offspring\u2019s mental health, the existing research on this topic has yielded inconsistent results. The current study aimed to examine the relationship between overparenting and various mental health outcomes, such as anxiety, depression, life satisfaction, and subjective well-being, through an analysis of effect size. Furthermore, potential moderators, including developmental stage (indexed by age), gender, information informants, study design, and cultural factors, were also examined. A total of 44 studies (N = 21,607) were identified in the meta-analysis, with 34 studies examining anxiety, 32 studies examining depression, 13 studies examining life satisfaction, and three studies examining subjective well-being. The results revealed a positive yet small association between overparenting and mental health indicators (ranxiety = 0.16, rdepression = 0.20, rlife satisfaction = 0.09, ps &lt; 0.001), except for subjective well-being (rsubjective well-being = 0.09, p &gt; 0.001). Moderator analyses showed that the high heterogeneity across studies was explained by culture, parents\u2019 gender, and developmental stage. These findings emphasize that overparenting is linked to mental health issues, particularly anxiety and depression. This study also suggests that heterogeneity should be considered for future clinical interventions and parenting-based educational programs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bs15091235","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T07:51:46Z","timestamp":1757577106000},"page":"1235","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Associations Between Overparenting and Offspring\u2019s Mental Health: A Meta-Analysis of Multiple Moderators"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Na","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China"},{"name":"Lab for Educational Big Data and Policymaking, Ministry of Education of the People\u2019s Republic of China, Shanghai 200034, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-7640-2788","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kewan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Longying","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongjin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3005-7724","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dan","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China"},{"name":"Lab for Educational Big Data and Policymaking, Ministry of Education of the People\u2019s Republic of China, Shanghai 200034, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huafeng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute for International and Comparative Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanli","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychiatric Research Center, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Peking University Huilongguan Clinical Medical School, Beijing 100096, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"73","article-title":"Relationship between helicopter parenting and psychological wellbeing in college students *","volume":"7","author":"Ahmed","year":"2023","journal-title":"International Journal of Social Research & Innovation"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Borenstein, M., Hedges, L. 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