{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T01:23:43Z","timestamp":1781054623187,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761868800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01DA039247"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DA039247"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Behavioral Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Parental permissiveness toward alcohol use is associated with increased drinking among college students. In the U.S., Greek-affiliated students drink more and experience more negative consequences than other students. This study explored associations among student Greek affiliation, parental permissiveness toward heavy episodic drinking (HED), and alcohol use outcomes among first-year college students. Parent-student dyads (n = 294) completed surveys during high school and the first semester of college at a large public university in the U.S. Paired- and independent-samples t-tests and regression analyses were conducted. Parental permissiveness toward HED was higher among Greek-affiliated students than non-Greek-affiliated students, from parent and student perspectives, before and during college. In regression analyses, student Greek affiliation and perceived parental permissiveness were associated with greater alcohol use and HED. Greek status moderated associations between perceived parental permissiveness of HED and alcohol use (but not HED) such that the relationship was less pronounced for Greek-affiliated students compared to non-Greek-affiliated students. Our results suggest that interventions that aim to reduce perceived parental permissiveness toward HED, such as parent-based normative feedback interventions, may be an effective strategy to reduce drinking among first-year Greek-affiliated students.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bs15111488","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T13:47:58Z","timestamp":1762177678000},"page":"1488","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Associations Between Greek Affiliation, Parental Permissiveness Toward Heavy Episodic Drinking, and Alcohol Use Among First-Year College Students"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-3763-7852","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristi M.","family":"Morrison","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Development, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7196-9308","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer C.","family":"Duckworth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Development, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3002-5826","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew F.","family":"Bumpus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Innovia Foundation, Spokane, WA 99201, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5706-429X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martie L.","family":"Skinner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Social Development Research Group, School of Social Work, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9247-0127","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brittany R.","family":"Cooper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Development, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0988-4637","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura G.","family":"Hill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Development, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6210-6156","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kevin P.","family":"Haggerty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Social Development Research Group, School of Social Work, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2009.03.019","article-title":"The impact of parental modeling and permissibility on alcohol use and experienced negative drinking consequences in college","volume":"34","author":"Abar","year":"2009","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1357","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2011.07.044","article-title":"Parent\u2013teen communication and pre-college alcohol involvement: A latent class analysis","volume":"36","author":"Abar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.15288\/jsad.2012.73.71","article-title":"Investigating associations between perceived parental alcohol-related messages and college student drinking","volume":"73","author":"Abar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.55.5.469","article-title":"Emerging adulthood: A theory of development from the late teens through the twenties","volume":"55","author":"Arnett","year":"2000","journal-title":"American Psychologist"},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"575","article-title":"Measuring risk and protective factors for substance use, delinquency, and other adolescent problem behaviors: The communities that care youth survey","volume":"26","author":"Arthur","year":"2002","journal-title":"Evaluation Review"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1007\/s10508-010-9633-0","article-title":"Associations between changing developmental contexts and risky sexual behavior in the two years following high school","volume":"40","author":"Bailey","year":"2011","journal-title":"Archives of Sexual Behavior"},{"key":"ref_7","unstructured":"Berkowitz, A. D. (2025, July 17). The social norms approach: Theory, research, and annotated bibliography, Available online: http:\/\/www.alanberkowitz.com\/articles\/social_norms.pdf."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.2174\/1874473710902030216","article-title":"Alcohol use in the Greek system, 1999\u20132009: A decade of progress","volume":"2","author":"Borsari","year":"2009","journal-title":"Current Drug Abuse Reviews"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2062","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2007.01.017","article-title":"Predictors of alcohol use during the first year of college: Implications for prevention","volume":"32","author":"Borsari","year":"2007","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.3200\/JACH.54.4.238-244","article-title":"Perceived parental approval of drinking and its impact on problem drinking behaviors among first-year college students","volume":"54","author":"Boyle","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of American College Health"},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"19","article-title":"Analyzing Greek members\u2019 alcohol consumption by gender and the impact of alcohol education interventions","volume":"59","author":"Furr","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Alcohol and Drug Education"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2017.08.025","article-title":"Change in college students\u2019 perceived parental permissibility of alcohol use and its relation to college drinking","volume":"76","author":"Calhoun","year":"2018","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1037\/0893-164X.21.3.316","article-title":"Fraternity and sorority involvement, social influences, and alcohol use among college students: A prospective examination","volume":"21","author":"Capone","year":"2007","journal-title":"Psychology of Addictive Behaviors"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.15288\/jsa.1998.59.63","article-title":"Alcohol use in the Greek system: Follow the leader?","volume":"59","author":"Cashin","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Studies on Alcohol"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.3200\/JACH.55.3.141-155","article-title":"High-risk drinking among college fraternity members: A national perspective","volume":"55","author":"Caudill","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of American College Health"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-682X.2011.00400.x","article-title":"Social norms and motivations associated with college binge drinking","volume":"82","author":"Chauvin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sociological Inquiry"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100627","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conctc.2020.100627","article-title":"Investigating the efficacy of a self-directed parenting intervention to reduce risky behaviors among college students: Study protocol for a multi-arm hybrid type 2 randomized control trial","volume":"19","author":"Cooper","year":"2020","journal-title":"Contemporary Clinical Trials Communication"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.2190\/CS.13.1.f","article-title":"Greek membership: The relationship with first-year academic performance","volume":"13","author":"DeBard","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of College Student Retention: Research, Theory & Practice"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2019.106227","article-title":"The influence of peer and parental norms on first-generation college students\u2019 binge drinking trajectories","volume":"103","author":"DiGuiseppi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors"},{"key":"ref_20","first-page":"638","article-title":"A cross-cultural examination of the mediating role of family support and parental advice quality on the relationship between family communication patterns and first-year college student adjustment in the United States and Belgium","volume":"44","author":"McNallie","year":"2016","journal-title":"Communication Research"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1037\/1064-1297.14.3.329","article-title":"Alcohol dependence symptoms among college freshmen: Prevalence, stability, and person-environment interactions","volume":"14","author":"Grekin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106624","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106624","article-title":"Meet the parents: Parental interactions, social influences, and college drinking","volume":"112","author":"Hamilton","year":"2021","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.15288\/jsa.2003.64.704","article-title":"Alcohol-related aggression and drinking at off-campus parties and bars: A national study of current drinkers in college","volume":"64","author":"Harford","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Studies on Alcohol"},{"key":"ref_24","first-page":"643","article-title":"Triumph or tragedy: Comparing student engagement levels of members of Greek-letter organizations and other students","volume":"43","author":"Hayek","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of College Student Development"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1174","DOI":"10.1007\/s11121-023-01520-6","article-title":"\u201cLetting go and staying connected\u201d: Substance use outcomes from a developmentally targeted intervention for parents of college students","volume":"24","author":"Hill","year":"2023","journal-title":"Prevention Science"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.15288\/jsad.2017.78.540","article-title":"Magnitude and trends in heavy episodic drinking, alcohol-impaired driving, and alcohol-related mortality and overdose hospitalizations among emerging adults of college ages 18\u201324 in the United States, 1998\u20132014","volume":"78","author":"Hingson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1177\/0093650214565922","article-title":"Do adolescent perceptions of parents\u2019 alcohol consumption undermine or enhance what parents say about alcohol? The interaction between verbal and nonverbal messages","volume":"44","author":"Kam","year":"2017","journal-title":"Communication Research"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02141544","article-title":"The extent and function of parental attachment among first-year college students","volume":"16","author":"Kenny","year":"1987","journal-title":"Journal of Youth and Adolescence"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2015.02.019","article-title":"Alcohol abstinence or harm-reduction? Parental messages for college-bound light drinkers","volume":"46","author":"LaBrie","year":"2015","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1037\/adb0000187","article-title":"A parent-based intervention reduces heavy episodic drinking among first-year college students","volume":"30","author":"LaBrie","year":"2016","journal-title":"Psychology of Addictive Behaviors"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2009.12.003","article-title":"Whose opinion matters? The relationship between injunctive norms and alcohol consequences in college students","volume":"35","author":"LaBrie","year":"2010","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2013.08.036","article-title":"Normative feedback for parents of college students: Piloting a parent-based intervention to correct misperceptions of students\u2019 alcohol use and other parents\u2019 approval of drinking","volume":"39","author":"LaBrie","year":"2014","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107257","article-title":"Do the effects of parent-based alcohol interventions depend on college residence? A short communication","volume":"129","author":"LaBrie","year":"2022","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/S0899-3289(99)00020-6","article-title":"An individual in context: Predictors of alcohol use and drinking problems among Greek and residence hall students","volume":"11","author":"Larimer","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Substance Abuse"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1037\/0893-164X.18.3.203","article-title":"Predicting drinking behavior and alcohol-related problems among fraternity and sorority members: Examining the role of descriptive and injunctive norms","volume":"18","author":"Larimer","year":"2004","journal-title":"Psychology of Addictive Behaviors"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1007\/s40894-017-0058-z","article-title":"Parental involvement during the college transition: A review and suggestion for its conceptual definition","volume":"3","author":"Lowe","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adolescent Research Review"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.13978","article-title":"An examination of parental permissiveness of alcohol use and monitoring, and their association with emerging adult drinking outcomes across college","volume":"43","author":"Mallett","year":"2019","journal-title":"Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2005.01038.x","article-title":"Selection and socialization effects of fraternities and sororities on US college student substance use: A multi-cohort national longitudinal study","volume":"100","author":"McCabe","year":"2005","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2017.09.029","article-title":"How collegiate fraternity and sorority involvement relates to substance use during young adulthood and substance use disorders in early midlife: A national longitudinal study","volume":"62","author":"McCabe","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Adolescent Health"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1741-3729.2007.00478.x","article-title":"Talking to youth about drugs: What do late adolescents say about parental strategies?","volume":"57","year":"2008","journal-title":"Family Relations"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2018.09.024","article-title":"Harm-reduction and zero-tolerance maternal messages about college alcohol use","volume":"89","author":"Napper","year":"2019","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.15288\/jsad.2007.68.556","article-title":"Are social norms the best predictor of outcomes among heavy-drinking college students?","volume":"68","author":"Neighbors","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1037\/a0015126","article-title":"Dual mechanisms underlying accentuation of risky drinking via fraternity\/sorority affiliation: The role of personality, peer norms, and alcohol availability","volume":"118","author":"Park","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Abnormal Psychology"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Patrick, M. E., Miech, R. A., Johnston, L. D., and O\u2019Malley, P. M. (2025). Monitoring the future panel study annual report: National data on substance use among adults ages 19 to 65, 1976\u20132024, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan. Available online: https:\/\/monitoringthefuture.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/mtfpanel2025.pdf.","DOI":"10.7826\/ISR-UM.06.585140.002.07.0003.2024"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106320","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106320","article-title":"Negative alcohol-related consequences experienced by young adults in the past 12 months: Differences by college attendance, living situation, binge drinking, and sex","volume":"105","author":"Patrick","year":"2020","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2016.11.022","article-title":"The role of perceived injunctive alcohol norms in adolescent drinking behavior","volume":"67","author":"Pedersen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1177\/0022042616659757","article-title":"Assessing drinking and academic performance among a nationally representative sample of college students","volume":"46","author":"Barry","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Drug Issues"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1007\/s11121-018-0974-6","article-title":"Trajectories of college alcohol involvement and their associations with later alcohol use disorder symptoms","volume":"20","author":"Prince","year":"2019","journal-title":"Prevention Science"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.3109\/14659891.2011.583312","article-title":"\u201cLiquor before beer, you\u2019re in the clear\u201d: Binge drinking and other risk behaviours among fraternity\/sorority members and their non-Greek peers","volume":"17","author":"Ragsdale","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Substance Use"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107452","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107452","article-title":"Prevalence of heavy episodic drinking and alcohol use disorder diagnosis among US college students: Results from the national healthy minds study","volume":"135","author":"Ranker","year":"2022","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1007\/s11121-011-0227-4","article-title":"The influence of alcohol-specific communication on adolescent alcohol use and alcohol-related consequences","volume":"12","author":"Reimuller","year":"2011","journal-title":"Prevention Science"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1111\/dar.12877","article-title":"Wonderland and the rabbit hole: A commentary on university students\u2019 alcohol use during first year and the early transition to university","volume":"38","author":"Riordan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Drug and Alcohol Review"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socec.2014.02.003","article-title":"The impact of Greek organization membership on collegiate outcomes: Evidence from a national survey","volume":"49","author":"Routon","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics"},{"key":"ref_54","unstructured":"SAS Institute (2014). Base SAS 9.4 procedures guide: Statistical procedures, SAS Institute."},{"key":"ref_55","first-page":"54","article-title":"A developmental perspective on alcohol use and heavy drinking during adolescence and the transition to young adulthood","volume":"14","author":"Schulenberg","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Studies on Alcohol"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1007\/s10865-007-9136-1","article-title":"Health behavior and college students: Does Greek affiliation matter?","volume":"31","author":"Carey","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Behavioral Medicine"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2006.06.024","article-title":"Heavy drinking across the transition to college: Predicting first-semester heavy drinking from precollege variables","volume":"32","author":"Sher","year":"2007","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1080\/07448481.2010.528099","article-title":"Protective effects of parent\u2013college student communication during the first semester of college","volume":"59","author":"Small","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of American College Health"},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1007\/s11121-018-0917-2","article-title":"Reducing risk behavior with family-centered prevention during the young adult years","volume":"20","author":"Stormshak","year":"2019","journal-title":"Prevention Science"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1080\/14659891.2016.1271032","article-title":"Alone and at risk: A statistical profile of alcohol-related college student deaths","volume":"22","author":"Thompson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Substance Use"},{"key":"ref_61","first-page":"823","article-title":"Do changes in parent\u2013student phone call and text message communication during the transition to college predict first-year drinking and consequences? A prospective study","volume":"84","author":"Trager","year":"2023a","journal-title":"Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs"},{"key":"ref_62","first-page":"235","article-title":"A comparison of parents\u2019 and students\u2019 reports of general and alcohol-specific parenting behaviors across the four years of college","volume":"84","author":"Trager","year":"2023b","journal-title":"Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs"},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.15288\/jsa.2000.61.818","article-title":"Family risk factors for alcohol-related consequences and poor adjustment in fraternity and sorority members: Exploring the role of parent\u2013child conflict","volume":"61","author":"Turner","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Studies on Alcohol"},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1037\/0893-164X.15.4.366","article-title":"Examination of the short-term efficacy of a parent intervention to reduce college student drinking tendencies","volume":"15","author":"Turrisi","year":"2001","journal-title":"Psychology of Addictive Behaviors"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1080\/00223980.2018.1431601","article-title":"The associations of Greek and religious organization participation with college students\u2019 social well-being and purpose","volume":"152","author":"Turton","year":"2018","journal-title":"The Journal of Psychology"},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1007\/s11121-013-0430-6","article-title":"Hurting, helping, or neutral? The effects of parental permissiveness toward adolescent drinking on college student alcohol use and problems","volume":"15","author":"Crowley","year":"2014","journal-title":"Prevention Science"},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1699","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2012.09.017","article-title":"Parents\u2019 and students\u2019 reports of parenting: Which are more reliably associated with college student drinking?","volume":"38","author":"Turrisi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors"},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.15288\/jsad.2009.70.908","article-title":"Parents do matter: A longitudinal two-part mixed model of early college alcohol participation and intensity","volume":"70","author":"Walls","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs"},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.2202\/1949-6605.5017","article-title":"Fraternities, sororities and binge drinking: Results from a national study of American colleges","volume":"46","author":"Wechsler","year":"2009","journal-title":"NASPA Journal"},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.35946\/arcr.v35.2.11","article-title":"The burden of alcohol use: Excessive alcohol consumption and related consequences among college students","volume":"35","author":"White","year":"2013","journal-title":"Alcohol Research: Current Reviews"},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1177\/002204260503500204","article-title":"Changes in substance use during the transition to adulthood: A comparison of college students and their noncollege-age peers","volume":"35","author":"White","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Drug Issues"},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1177\/0743558400151002","article-title":"First-year students\u2019 adjustment to university life as a function of relationships with parents","volume":"15","author":"Wintre","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Adolescent Research"},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1037\/0893-164X.18.1.19","article-title":"Do parents still matter? Parent and peer influences on alcohol involvement among recent high school graduates","volume":"18","author":"Wood","year":"2004","journal-title":"Psychology of Addictive Behaviors"}],"container-title":["Behavioral Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-328X\/15\/11\/1488\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T14:24:54Z","timestamp":1762179894000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-328X\/15\/11\/1488"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]]},"references-count":73,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}},"alternative-id":["bs15111488"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/bs15111488","relation":{},"ISSN":["2076-328X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2076-328X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]]}}}