{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T21:07:32Z","timestamp":1772140052578,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762300800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012764","name":"William H. Donner Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["16-0390"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["16-0390"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012764","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Behavioral Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The Triarchic Psychopathy Measure (TriPM) is based on a three-dimensional conceptual model, though structural analyses of the TriPM items indicate that they do not reflect this conceptual model. In contrast, studies have shown that multiple factors are required to account for all the TriPM items in community and incarcerated samples. More problematic is that some of these factors are outside of the nomological network of psychopathy. In contrast, there are empirically robust findings supporting the four-factor model of psychopathy, irrespective of sample type, assessment method, or item set. For the current study, a structural equation modeling approach was utilized with incarcerated and community samples to demonstrate that theoretically relevant candidate items from the TriPM could be employed to represent the four-factor model of psychopathy (i.e., four-factor proxy measure\u20144FPM). Multiple group confirmatory factor analysis of the 4FPM items provided evidence of strong (scalar) invariance across community and incarcerated samples. Finally, associations with external correlates and other psychopathy scales highlighted that the 4FPM can be utilized to represent the four-factor model of psychopathy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bs15111503","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T16:09:47Z","timestamp":1762358987000},"page":"1503","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Validating a Four-Factor Model of Psychopathic Personality from the Triarchic Psychopathy Measure (TriPM) Across Community and Incarcerated Samples"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3148-2343","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sandeep","family":"Roy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, San Antonio State Hospital, San Antonio, TX 78223, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-7340-197X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariia","family":"Mezhenska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76205, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3825-2153","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Craig S.","family":"Neumann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76205, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3849-8118","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicola S.","family":"Gray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK"},{"name":"Department of Psychology, Swansea Bay University Health Board, Bridgend CF31 4LN, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9900-480X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert J.","family":"Snowden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3NB, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1037\/abn0000175","article-title":"Latent-variable modeling of brain gray-matter volume and psychopathy in incarcerated offenders","volume":"125","author":"Neumann","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Abnormal Psychology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1037\/pas0001302","article-title":"Proposed Specifiers for Conduct Disorder (PSCD): Further validation of the parent-report version in a nationally representative U.S. sample of 10- to 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