{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]],"date-time":"2025-12-30T05:16:25Z","timestamp":1767071785911,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":93,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,24]],"date-time":"2025-12-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766534400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000055","name":"National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21HD111807"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21HD111807"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000055","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Behavioral Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Children with Down syndrome (DS) show considerable variability in social-communication and cognitive profiles, and a subset meet criteria for co-occurring autism. In the present study, we examined the associations between developmental domains and autistic trait severity in toddlers with DS. Participants included 38 toddlers (M = 4.19 years, SD = 0.99) who completed a home-based assessment, including measures of language, fine motor, and visual reception skills. Caregivers also completed standardized questionnaires on communication and executive functioning. Multiple regression analyses tested the degree of association between these developmental domains and autistic traits. Fewer words produced fewer gestures, and more impaired fine motor and visual reception scores were significantly associated with higher autism trait severity, whereas executive function domains were not significantly associated. Preliminary findings indicate that variability in language and nonverbal developmental skills contributes to the expression of autism traits in DS, underscoring the need for early, multidomain assessment approaches to support accurate identification and tailored intervention.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bs16010039","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,24]],"date-time":"2025-12-24T14:27:51Z","timestamp":1766586471000},"page":"39","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Characterizing Autism Traits in Toddlers with Down Syndrome: Preliminary Associations with Language, Executive Functioning, and Other Developmental Domains"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6187-6231","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tiffany Chavers","family":"Edgar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-5531-4782","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudia","family":"Schabes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4815-4626","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marianne","family":"Elmquist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6548-1242","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miriam","family":"Kornelis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Speech-Language-Hearing Sciences, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lizbeth","family":"Finestack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Speech-Language-Hearing Sciences, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5031-9288","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Audra","family":"Sterling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA"},{"name":"Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1002\/mrdd.20158","article-title":"Language development in Down syndrome: From the prelinguistic period to the acquisition of literacy","volume":"13","author":"Abbeduto","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association (2013). 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