{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T10:59:33Z","timestamp":1785149973816,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784851200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Behav. Sci.","Behavioral Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Professional networking platforms provide opportunities for career development but may also encourage career-related social comparison. This study examined whether the relationship between LinkedIn use and career goal revision is explained by career-related social comparison and perceived career goal discrepancy. Data from 188 LinkedIn users were analyzed using correlation and serial mediation analysis. More intensive LinkedIn use was associated with more frequent career-related social comparison, which was related to greater perceived career goal discrepancy and, in turn, stronger career goal revision. The proposed serial mediation model was supported. Post hoc analyses revealed differences between upward and downward career goal revision. Whereas the serial mediation pathway explained downward goal revision, upward goal revision was directly associated with LinkedIn use and was not explained by the proposed mediators. Career centrality was positively associated with career-related social comparison but did not influence the proposed relationships. The findings highlight LinkedIn as a context for career-related self-evaluation and goal regulation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bs16081271","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T01:26:23Z","timestamp":1785115583000},"page":"1271","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Revising Career Goals on LinkedIn: The Role of Career-Related Social Comparison and Goal Discrepancy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Maria","family":"Vogt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitaetsstrasse 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elke","family":"Rohmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitaetsstrasse 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans-Werner","family":"Bierhoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitaetsstrasse 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7282-4568","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Phillip","family":"Ozimek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Humanities, Vinzenz Pallotti University, Pallottistrasse 3, 56179 Vallendar, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1089\/cyber.2020.0134","article-title":"Twenty-Five years of social media: A review of social media applications and definitions from 1994 to 2019","volume":"24","author":"Aichner","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1177\/10690727211068106","article-title":"Young adults\u2019 self-regulatory responses to positive career goal discrepancies: Testing cross-lagged relationships","volume":"30","author":"Akmal","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Career Assessment"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aydemir, M., and Bayram, N. (2025). The role of personality traits and decision-making styles in career decision-making difficulties. Behavioral Sciences, 15, (2).","DOI":"10.3390\/bs15020159"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/0749-5978(91)90022-L","article-title":"Social cognitive theory of self-regulation","volume":"50","author":"Bandura","year":"1991","journal-title":"Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.88.3.588","article-title":"Significance tests and goodness of fit in the analysis of covariance structures","volume":"88","author":"Bentler","year":"1980","journal-title":"Psychological Bulletin"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1108\/SHR-01-2025-0006","article-title":"Managing Gen Z anxiety and digital perfectionism on LinkedIn","volume":"24","author":"Bilderback","year":"2025","journal-title":"Strategic HR Review"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bortz, J., and Schuster, C. (2010). Korrelation. Statistik f\u00fcr human- und sozialwissenschaftler, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-12770-0"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1080\/0144929X.2018.1545049","article-title":"The relation between use intensity of private and professional SNS, social comparison, self-esteem, and depressive tendencies in the light of self-regulation","volume":"38","author":"Brandenberg","year":"2019","journal-title":"Behaviour & Information Technology"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1177\/135910457000100301","article-title":"Back-translation for cross-cultural research","volume":"1","author":"Brislin","year":"1970","journal-title":"Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.obhdp.2006.09.007","article-title":"Social comparison: The end of a theory and the emergence of a field","volume":"102","author":"Buunk","year":"2007","journal-title":"Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.54254\/2753-7048\/12\/20230826","article-title":"Social media usage and anxiety: An overview of intermediary factors","volume":"12","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1089\/cyber.2011.0324","article-title":"\u201cThey are happier and having better lives than I am\u201d: The impact of using Facebook on perceptions of others\u2019 lives","volume":"15","author":"Chou","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1177\/0894845312471195","article-title":"Disengaging from unattainable career goals and reengaging in more achievable ones","volume":"41","author":"Creed","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Career Development"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1177\/1069072714535175","article-title":"The development and initial validation of a scale to assess career goal discrepancies","volume":"23","author":"Creed","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Career Assessment"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1177\/0894845319897136","article-title":"Career goal setting and goal pursuit in young adults: The role of financial distress","volume":"48","author":"Creed","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Career Development"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvb.2014.12.001","article-title":"Antecedents and consequences to perceived career goal\u2013progress discrepancies","volume":"87","author":"Creed","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Vocational Behavior"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103396","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvb.2020.103396","article-title":"Networking via LinkedIn: An examination of usage and career benefits","volume":"118","author":"Davis","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Vocational Behavior"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1046","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0021-9029.2006.00054.x","article-title":"The impact of goal-performance discrepancies, self-efficacy, and goal orientation on upward goal revision","volume":"36","author":"Donovan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Social Psychology"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-9010.88.3.379","article-title":"Missing the mark: Effects of time and causal attributions on goal revision in response to goal-performance discrepancies","volume":"88","author":"Donovan","year":"2003","journal-title":"The Journal of Applied Psychology"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvb.2018.05.003","article-title":"Perceived overqualification, relative deprivation, and person-centric outcomes: The moderating role of career centrality","volume":"107","author":"Erdogan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Vocational Behavior"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2019.02.002","article-title":"Negative influences of Facebook use through the lens of network analysis","volume":"96","author":"Faelens","year":"2019","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1590\/1413\/82712020250410","article-title":"Use of Instagram, social comparison, and personality as predictors of self-esteem","volume":"25","author":"Fagundes","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psico-USF"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1177\/001872675400700202","article-title":"A theory of social comparison processes","volume":"7","author":"Festinger","year":"1954","journal-title":"Human Relations"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1108\/YC-12-2013-00416","article-title":"Applying uses and gratifications theory to students\u2019 LinkedIn usage","volume":"16","author":"Florenthal","year":"2015","journal-title":"Young Consumers: Insight and Ideas for Responsible Marketers"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fukubayashi, N., and Fuji, K. (2021). Social comparison on social media increases career frustration: A focus on the mitigating effect of companionship. Frontiers in Psychology, 12.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.720960"},{"key":"ref_26","first-page":"866","article-title":"Linking in with LinkedIn\u00ae: Three exercises that enhance professional social networking and career building","volume":"36","author":"Gerard","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Management Education"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.76.1.129","article-title":"Individual differences in social comparison: Development of a scale of social comparison orientation","volume":"76","author":"Gibbons","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"key":"ref_28","first-page":"3","article-title":"The role of goal setting in career management","volume":"7","author":"Greenhaus","year":"1995","journal-title":"Career Development International"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1089\/cyber.2010.0120","article-title":"Social comparison 2.0: Examining the effects of online profiles on social-networking sites","volume":"14","author":"Haferkamp","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking"},{"key":"ref_30","unstructured":"Hayes, A. F. (2018). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach, The Guilford Press. [2nd ed.]."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1177\/1069072703254500","article-title":"Self- and other-referent criteria of career success","volume":"11","author":"Heslin","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Career Assessment"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1037\/cou0000193","article-title":"Career goal revision in response to negative feedback: Testing a longitudinal cross-lagged model","volume":"64","author":"Hu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Counseling Psychology"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvb.2018.11.011","article-title":"Does socioeconomic status shape young people\u2019s goal revision processes in the face of negative career feedback?","volume":"110","author":"Hu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Vocational Behavior"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1177\/0894845316667847","article-title":"Career goal importance as a moderator in the relationship between career feedback and career-related stress","volume":"45","author":"Hu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Career Development"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2016.03.082","article-title":"Social comparison on Facebook: Its antecedents and psychological outcomes","volume":"62","author":"Jang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ji, Z., He, K., Zhu, J., and He, M. (2025). Platform leadership and subordinates\u2019 proactive career behavior: The role of thriving at work and career centrality. Frontiers in Psychology, 16.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2025.1552925"},{"key":"ref_37","unstructured":"Kline, R. B. (2016). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling, Guilford Press. [4th ed.]."},{"key":"ref_38","first-page":"71","article-title":"Zu jung, aus zu gutem Haus, zu reich\u2014Zufrieden? Einflussfaktoren auf die Diskrepanz zwischen objektivem und subjektivem Karriereerfolg","volume":"10","author":"Latzke","year":"2012","journal-title":"Career Services Paper"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1108\/IntR-09-2017-0358","article-title":"Upward social comparison and depression in social network settings: The roles of envy and self-efficacy","volume":"29","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Internet Research"},{"key":"ref_40","unstructured":"LinkedIn (2025, December 30). About us, Available online: https:\/\/news.linkedin.com\/about-us."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.57.9.705","article-title":"Building a practically useful theory of goal setting and task motivation: A 35-year odyssey","volume":"57","author":"Locke","year":"2002","journal-title":"American Psychologist"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3333","DOI":"10.1002\/pits.23543","article-title":"The development and validation of a career aspirations questionnaire for high school students and its impact on academic performance","volume":"62","author":"Ma","year":"2025","journal-title":"Psychology in the Schools"},{"key":"ref_43","unstructured":"Marshall, N. (2026, June 10). LinkedIn: Are you taking advantage of the world\u2019s largest professional network?. Forbes, Available online: https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/councils\/forbesagencycouncil\/2022\/06\/10\/linkedin-are-you-taking-advantage-of-the-worlds-largest-professional-network\/."},{"key":"ref_44","first-page":"85","article-title":"Social media marketing strategies for career advancement: An analysis of Linkedin","volume":"29","author":"McCabe","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Business and Behavior Sciences"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1080\/15298861003676529","article-title":"Social comparison as a self-regulatory measuring stick","volume":"10","author":"McIntyre","year":"2011","journal-title":"Self and Identity"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moosbrugger, H., and Kelava, A. (2020). Testtheorie und fragebogenkonstruktion, Springer. [3rd ed.].","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-61532-4"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1281","DOI":"10.1177\/1745691620966788","article-title":"Comparisons inform me who I am: A general comparative-processing model of self-perception","volume":"16","author":"Morina","year":"2021","journal-title":"Perspectives on Psychological Science"},{"key":"ref_48","unstructured":"and Suen, M.-W. (2025). A systematic literature review on the development and contextualization of career goal scales. SHS web of conferences, EDP Sciences."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2220","DOI":"10.1108\/ITP-02-2023-0134","article-title":"The hustle is real: An examination of the self-related consequences of consuming idealized self-promotional content on LinkedIn","volume":"38","author":"Oliver","year":"2024","journal-title":"Information Technology & People"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2016.03.034","article-title":"Facebook use depending on age: The influence of social comparisons","volume":"61","author":"Ozimek","year":"2016","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1110","DOI":"10.1080\/0144929X.2019.1642385","article-title":"All my online-friends are better than me\u2014Three studies about ability-based comparative social media use, self-esteem, and depressive tendencies","volume":"39","author":"Ozimek","year":"2020","journal-title":"Behaviour & Information Technology"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ozimek, P., Spannenkrebs, A. H., Bohl, E., Rohmann, E., Hoffmann, D., and Bierhoff, H.-W. (2026). When professional networking becomes exhausting: Passive LinkedIn use, communication overload, and social media fatigue. Preprints.","DOI":"10.20944\/preprints202605.1945.v1"},{"key":"ref_53","first-page":"203","article-title":"Impression management in social media: The example of LinkedIn","volume":"11","author":"Paliszkiewicz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Management"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1177\/1461444808099577","article-title":"The virtual geographies of social networks: A comparative analysis of Facebook, LinkedIn and ASmallWorld","volume":"11","author":"Papacharissi","year":"2009","journal-title":"New Media & Society"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-9010.79.2.224","article-title":"Construct validation of two instruments designed to measure job involvement and work centrality","volume":"79","author":"Paullay","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Psychology"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1177\/10690727211063372","article-title":"Career goal discrepancy, career distress, and goal adjustment: Testing a dual moderated process model in young adults","volume":"30","author":"Praskova","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Career Assessment"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hugger, K.-U. (2014). Social network sites. Digitale jugendkulturen, Springer Fachmedien. [2nd ed.].","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-531-19070-9"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sch\u00e4fer, T. (2016). Explorative Datenanalyse: Muster und Zusammenh\u00e4nge erkennen. Methodenlehre und statistik: Einf\u00fchrung in datenerhebung, deskriptive statistik und inferenzstatistik, Springer Fachmedien.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-658-11936-2_4"},{"key":"ref_59","unstructured":"Schneider, S. M., and Schupp, J. (2011). The social comparison scale: Testing the validity, reliability, and applicability of the Iowa-Netherlands comparison orientation measure (INCOM) on the German population (SOEPpapers on Multidisciplinary Panel Data Research, No. 360, pp. 767\u2013789), Deutsches Institut f\u00fcr Wirtschaftsforschung (DIW)."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1108\/JMP-10-2018-0467","article-title":"How peers\u2019 updates on social media influence job search","volume":"35","author":"Sender","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Managerial Psychology"},{"key":"ref_61","first-page":"4331","article-title":"Impact of peer influence, social comparison, and self-confidence on career success aspirations","volume":"13","author":"Sharma","year":"2025","journal-title":"International Journal of Indian Psychology"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.03.046","article-title":"Self-presentation in professional networks: More than just window dressing","volume":"50","author":"Sievers","year":"2015","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"key":"ref_63","unstructured":"Sonnenberg, A.-K. (2026). Von lokal zu global: LinkedIn setzt sich gegen Xing als zentrale Plattform f\u00fcr Berufst\u00e4tige durch, YouGov. Available online: https:\/\/yougov.com\/de-de\/artikel\/54163-von-lokal-zu-global-linkedin-setzt-sich-gegen-xing-als-zentrale-plattform-fur-berufstatige-durch."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1080\/00461520.2025.2533232","article-title":"How (much) do people revise their goals after success and failure? The Triple-A model of goal revision","volume":"61","author":"Theobald","year":"2025","journal-title":"Educational Psychologist"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-9010.93.3.692","article-title":"The role of feedback, causal attributions, and self-efficacy in goal revision","volume":"93","author":"Tolli","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Psychology"},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tran, H. D., and Diep, P. P. U. (2025). Me, myself, and I: Self-presentation, self-esteem, and uses and gratifications on Facebook, LinkedIn, and TikTok. First Monday, 30, (3).","DOI":"10.5210\/fm.v30i3.13711"},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2685","DOI":"10.1177\/1461444815604143","article-title":"Is LinkedIn making you more successful? The informational benefits derived from public social media","volume":"18","author":"Utz","year":"2016","journal-title":"New Media & Society"},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1177\/0163443712468605","article-title":"\u2018You have one identity\u2019: Performing the self on Facebook and LinkedIn","volume":"35","year":"2013","journal-title":"Media, Culture & Society"},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e949","DOI":"10.1111\/geer.12199","article-title":"Goal setting, information, and goal revision: A field experiment","volume":"20","year":"2019","journal-title":"German Economic Review"},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.36348\/sjbms.2021.v06i03.001","article-title":"Impact of social media on consumer buying behavior","volume":"6","author":"Varghese","year":"2021","journal-title":"Saudi Journal of Business and Management Studies"},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copsyc.2020.04.002","article-title":"Social comparison on social networking sites","volume":"36","author":"Verduyn","year":"2020","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Psychology, Cyberpsychology"},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2015.06.026","article-title":"Who compares and despairs? The effect of social comparison orientation on social media use and its outcomes","volume":"86","author":"Vogel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Personality and Individual Differences"},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1037\/ppm0000047","article-title":"Social comparison, social media, and self-esteem","volume":"3","author":"Vogel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Psychology of Popular Media Culture"},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, J.-L., Wang, H.-Z., Gaskin, J., and Hawk, S. (2017). The mediating roles of upward social comparison and self-esteem and the moderating role of social comparison orientation in the association between social networking site usage and subjective well-being. Frontiers in Psychology, 8.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2017.00771"},{"key":"ref_75","first-page":"1","article-title":"\u201cThe LinkedIn self\u201d: How personality influences self-presentations of LinkedIn users","volume":"10","author":"Weiss","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Promotional Communications"},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1177\/08948453241235406","article-title":"Negative career goal discrepancy and goal adjustment in young adults: The underlying mechanism of negative emotions","volume":"51","author":"Widyowati","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Career Development"},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.106.2.231","article-title":"Theory and research concerning social comparisons of personal attributes","volume":"106","author":"Wood","year":"1989","journal-title":"Psychological Bulletin"},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1177\/0011000006288127","article-title":"Scale development research: A content analysis and recommendations for best practices","volume":"34","author":"Worthington","year":"2006","journal-title":"The Counseling Psychologist"},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.24839\/2325-7342.JN26.2.165","article-title":"Social networking site use: Implications for health and wellness","volume":"26","author":"Wright","year":"2021","journal-title":"Psi Chi Journal of Psychological Research"},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1494","DOI":"10.1177\/0146167203256921","article-title":"Adaptive self-regulation of unattainable goals: Goal disengagement, goal reengagement, and subjective well-being","volume":"29","author":"Wrosch","year":"2003","journal-title":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin"},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.54097\/rvsqa882","article-title":"Exploring the behavioral changes of consumers under the influence of social media","volume":"55","author":"Zhao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Highlights in Business, Economics and Management"},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1108\/ER-07-2013-0086","article-title":"LinkedIn and recruitment: How profiles differ across occupations","volume":"36","author":"Zide","year":"2014","journal-title":"Employee Relations"}],"container-title":["Behavioral Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-328X\/16\/8\/1271\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T10:04:35Z","timestamp":1785146675000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-328X\/16\/8\/1271"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]]},"references-count":82,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["bs16081271"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/bs16081271","relation":{},"ISSN":["2076-328X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2076-328X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]]}}}