{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T08:47:30Z","timestamp":1785833250519,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785801600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Behav. Sci.","Behavioral Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In the context of economic turbulence, pursuing new development opportunities through digital transformation has become an inevitable choice for Chinese firms, with top executives serving as core decision-makers. Drawing on resource orchestration theory and the too-much-of-a-good-thing effect, this study examines the relationship between executive psychological resilience and enterprise digital transformation, as well as its boundary conditions, using panel data from Chinese A-share listed firms from 2011 to 2024. The results provide evidence of an inverted U-shaped relationship between executive psychological resilience and enterprise digital transformation, suggesting that an optimal level of psychological resilience exists for digital transformation. Beyond this level, manifestations of bounded rationality, including an underestimation of transformation risks and attentional biases, lead to inefficient resource orchestration. Industry capital intensity weakens this nonlinear relationship, while slack resources appear to shift the turning point to an earlier stage. By questioning the cognitive inertia that treats resilience as a universally beneficial personality trait, this study shifts the perspective on the relationship between executive psychological resilience and enterprise digital transformation from a linear to a nonlinear framework. It further extends the application of the resource orchestration theory in the digital transformation context and contributes to research on the micro-level drivers of digital transformation\u2014specifically executive psychological traits.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bs16081340","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T08:02:19Z","timestamp":1785830539000},"page":"1340","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Impact of Psychological Resilience on Digital Transformation: A Resource Orchestration Perspective"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-7393-7053","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gejun","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Business, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xingqiu","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Business, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1177\/10422587211046542","article-title":"Integrating psychological resilience, stress, and coping in entrepreneurship: A critical review and research agenda","volume":"46","author":"Ahmed","year":"2022","journal-title":"Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1080\/1351847X.2016.1274266","article-title":"Time-varying managerial overconfidence and corporate debt maturity structure","volume":"24","author":"Ataullah","year":"2018","journal-title":"The European Journal of Finance"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1518","DOI":"10.1080\/00472778.2024.2392714","article-title":"Exploring the relationship between hybrid founder social identities and entrepreneurs\u2019 psychological resilience","volume":"63","author":"Aust","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Small Business Management"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1998","DOI":"10.1080\/00036846.2025.2472048","article-title":"Impact of social mindset of private entrepreneurs on enterprise resilience in environmental dynamism","volume":"58","author":"Bai","year":"2025","journal-title":"Applied Economics"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-405X(96)84701-5","article-title":"Detecting abnormal operating performance: The empirical power and specification of test statistics","volume":"41","author":"Barber","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of Financial Economics"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1775","DOI":"10.1108\/MD-09-2023-1722","article-title":"Navigating the manufacturing revolution: Identifying the digital transformation antecedents","volume":"62","author":"Bilal","year":"2024","journal-title":"Management Decision"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2799","DOI":"10.1080\/00472778.2024.2449002","article-title":"Angel time horizon and industry preferences: The moderating role of personal wealth","volume":"63","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Journal of Small Business Management"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1108\/K-01-2023-0073","article-title":"Opening the black box between strategic vision on digitalization and SMEs digital transformation: The mediating role of resource orchestration","volume":"53","author":"Cheng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Kybernetes"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusres.2021.12.048","article-title":"Psychological resilience and business survival chances: A study of small firms in the USA during COVID-19","volume":"142","author":"Chhatwani","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Business Research"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cooper, C. 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