{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T16:08:00Z","timestamp":1787242080975,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787184000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Watershed Vernacular Built Environment Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory Open Research Fund","award":["WaBEL2024-05"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WaBEL2024-05"]}]},{"name":"2025 Shanxi Province Art Science Planning Project","award":["25G126"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25G126"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Behav. Sci.","Behavioral Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Contextual meaning can influence art evaluation even when viewers encounter images within a structured visual stimulus family. This exploratory questionnaire-version study examined whether value-oriented textual descriptions were associated with aesthetic ratings of AI-generated variants of classical paintings in three Chinese-language questionnaire versions emphasising cultural value, artistic value, or social value. The available dataset contained 61 participants, each rating 40 images on a 1\u201310 aesthetic scale, yielding 2440 complete observations. A post hoc three-rater manipulation check of 30 image\u2013description pairs found that all evaluated pairs satisfied the applied validation criterion; inter-rater reliability across item\u2013dimension judgments was high at ICC(2,k) = 0.936. The primary analysis used a linear mixed-effects model with crossed random intercepts for participant and stimulus identity, and a fuller by-stimulus random-slope model was estimated as a diagnostic response to review. Relative to social-value descriptions, artistic-value descriptions were associated with higher ratings in the random-intercept model, where b = 1.74, SE = 0.57, z = 3.03, p = 0.002, 95% CI [0.62, 2.87], and this contrast also persisted in the diagnostic by-stimulus random-slope model, although that model converged with a non-positive-definite Hessian. Cultural-value descriptions were intermediate and should not be interpreted as showing a stable general advantage over social-value descriptions. The results therefore provide qualified evidence for an artistic-versus-social framing association, not a confirmed causal effect of all value-cue conditions. Interpretation remains bounded by the modest sample, undocumented allocation procedure, rapid-completion records, incomplete prompt metadata, and post hoc validation of a representative rather than exhaustive stimulus set.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bs16081437","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T09:48:31Z","timestamp":1787219311000},"page":"1437","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Artistic-Value Descriptions Are Associated with Higher Aesthetic Ratings than Social-Value Descriptions for AI-Generated Variants of Classical Paintings"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-0980-4705","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qi","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Fine Arts, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Fine Arts, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chaoyuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Fine Arts, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ziyu","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Fine Arts, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jml.2012.11.001","article-title":"Random effects structure for confirmatory hypothesis testing: Keep it maximal","volume":"68","author":"Barr","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Memory and Language"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"42","article-title":"Humans versus AI: Whether and why we prefer human-created compared to AI-created artwork","volume":"8","author":"Bellaiche","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2014.11.004","article-title":"In the white cube: Museum context enhances the valuation and memory of art","volume":"154","author":"Brieber","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Psychologica"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brieber, D., Nadal, M., Leder, H., and Rosenberg, R. 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