{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T15:32:06Z","timestamp":1787758326599,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787702400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002241","name":"JST SPRING","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JPMJSP2124"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JPMJSP2124"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002241","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Behav. Sci.","Behavioral Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Brief campus-based interventions for university students with elevated internet gaming disorder (IGD) symptoms have received little study. This randomized trial evaluated a five-session group program focused on gaming motives, self-regulation, and alternative sources of competence and self-worth. Sixty-three adult students at a Chinese vocational college who scored at least 20 on an adapted Gaming Disorder Scale for Adolescents were randomized to the program (n = 31) or an information-only control condition (n = 32). Assessments were scheduled at baseline, immediately after the intervention, and one month later. Because post-randomization outcome data were unavailable for 19 participants, the comparative analyses were restricted to 44 completers. The originally planned baseline-adjusted ANCOVA showed a lower adjusted T1 IGD score in the intervention group than in the control group (adjusted difference = \u22124.62, 95% CI \u22127.33 to \u22121.91, p = 0.0013). In a post hoc linear mixed-effects model, the between-group difference in change from baseline to post-intervention was \u22125.16 points (95% CI \u22127.81 to \u22122.51; Hedges g = \u22121.03). At one month, the difference was smaller and not statistically significant (\u22121.67 points, 95% CI \u22124.31 to 0.98). None of the secondary outcomes showed a significant interaction. Overall attrition was 30.2%. These preliminary findings concern selected completers rather than an intention-to-treat effect, and the between-group difference was not evident at one month. Retrospective registration, unavailable outcomes for non-completers, and post hoc analyses limit the strength of the inference. The trial was retrospectively registered in UMIN-CTR (UMIN000055209) on 9 August 2024.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bs16091500","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T15:04:32Z","timestamp":1787756672000},"page":"1500","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Preliminary Outcomes of a Five-Session Motivation-Centered Program for Internet Gaming Disorder: A Completer Analysis of a Randomized Trial"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Ruoyu","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Future Education, Qingdao Hengxing University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nobuaki","family":"Morita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0082-0706","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasukazu","family":"Ogai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshiki","family":"Koga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Hospital Organization Kurihama Medical and Addiction Center, Yokosuka 239-0841, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Letters, Arts and Sciences, Waseda University, Tokyo 162-8644, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenjie","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Mental Health Center, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunmu","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association (2013). 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