{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T09:17:51Z","timestamp":1788254271596,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Centre for Research and Evidence on Security Threats","award":["ES\/V002775\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ES\/V002775\/1"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Behav. Sci.","Behavioral Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Culture shapes communication norms and societal expectations about an individual\u2019s ties to their social group. This research examined the extent to which cultural influences impact reporting of crime information, including when there is pre-existing relationship between the witness and perpetrator. In a pre-registered online quasi-experiment (N = 163), we examined mock-witness statements about a road traffic incident provided by individuals from the United Kingdom and China (fluent in English). For both groups of participants, the identity of the perpetrator was manipulated to simulate three levels of relationship proximity with mock-witnesses (close\u2013same culture; stranger\u2013same culture; stranger\u2013different culture). In line with our hypothesis, we found an effect of cultural group on the amount of correct information reported. Replicating previous research, individuals from the UK, whose culture is associated with low-context communication preferences, reported significantly more information than those from China, who are associated with a high-context communication culture. Despite an increase in disclosure when reporting information about an out-group target, this affiliation effect was not statistically significant, and neither was the interaction effect. These findings highlight that witnesses\u2019 cultural background should be considered in investigative interviewing contexts, and caution that a witness\u2013perpetrator relationship, to a lesser extent, may jeopardise reporting of information by eyewitnesses. Limitations of the study and future research are discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bs16091540","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T08:31:13Z","timestamp":1788251473000},"page":"1540","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Culture of Silence: Examining the Influence of Culture in Mock-Eyewitness Reports"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2661-5367","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alejandra","family":"De La Fuente Vilar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Criminology and Criminal Justice, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 2BZ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0012-8165","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorraine","family":"Hope","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology, Sport and Health Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 2DY, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0979-819X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Feni","family":"Kontogianni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology and Social Sciences, University of Winchester, Winchester SO22 4NR, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-7053-0332","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amunra","family":"Layal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Criminology and Criminal Justice, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 2BZ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.5964\/jspp.v3i1.564","article-title":"Decolonizing psychological science: Introduction to the special thematic section","volume":"3","author":"Adams","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Social and Political Psychology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Adhikari, M. 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