{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T10:06:14Z","timestamp":1789985174081,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789862400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Hangzhou Normal University Teaching Construction and Reform Project","award":["JG20261011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JG20261011"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/014v1mr15","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Higher Education Association Foundation of Zhejiang Province","award":["KT2022099"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KT2022099"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Behav. Sci.","Behavioral Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>With the booming of cross-border live streaming e-commerce, this study examined the influence mechanism of cross-border live streaming interactions on consumers\u2019 impulsive purchase intention based on the timulus\u2013organism\u2013response (SOR) model. Two independent psychological organism mediators are proposed, immersive experience and foreign cultural identity, and AI (artificial intelligence) enablement acts as a cross-layer moderating variable. Three core dimensions of cross-border live streaming interaction (consumer\u2013product, consumer\u2013consumer, consumer\u2013anchor) are refined, and empirical tests are conducted with 620 valid questionnaires via SPSS 26.0, AMOS 28.0 and PROCESS. Results showed that consumer\u2013product and consumer\u2013anchor interactions exerted significant positive direct effects on impulsive purchase intention (consumer\u2013consumer interaction\u2019s direct effect was insignificant); both flow experience dimensions exert partial mediating effects in the paths linking consumer\u2013product\/consumer\u2013anchor interaction to impulsive purchase intention and full mediating effects for the consumer\u2013consumer interaction path. AI enablement positively moderates the effect of live streaming interactions on flow experience and the effect of immersive experience on impulsive purchase intention, but its moderating effect on the foreign cultural identity\u2013impulsive purchase intention link was insignificant. This study advanced the research on cross-border live streaming consumer behavior and offered targeted practical suggestions for platform optimization with AI technology while enriching the SOR model\u2019s application in cross-cultural consumption scenarios.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bs16091693","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T09:01:38Z","timestamp":1789981298000},"page":"1693","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Mediating Roles of Two Psychological Experience Pathways: How Cross-Border Live Streaming Interactions Trigger Impulsive Purchases?\u2014The Moderating Effect of AI Enablement"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Yangxue","family":"Xiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Alibaba School of Business, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miaoli","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alibaba School of Business, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Technological Innovation, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhaoxu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alibaba School of Business, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121772","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2022.121772","article-title":"Virtual agents and flow experience: An empirical examination of AI-powered chatbots","volume":"181","author":"Baabdullah","year":"2022","journal-title":"Technological Forecasting and Social Change"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4018\/JGIM.20220301.oa7","article-title":"Exploring the impact of country-of-origin image and purchase intention in cross-border e-commerce","volume":"30","author":"Bao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Global Information Management"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1080\/08961530.2023.2291817","article-title":"The psychological underpinnings of Turkish consumer choices: Xenocentrism","volume":"36","author":"Bozdag","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of International Consumer Marketing"},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"865","article-title":"The state of online impulse-buying research: A literature analysis","volume":"53","author":"Chan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Information & Management"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1504\/IJMC.2023.128843","article-title":"Investigating the discrepancy between motivation and live-streaming media usage through the analysis of user engagement","volume":"21","author":"Chang","year":"2023","journal-title":"International Journal of Mobile Communications"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tele.2017.12.003","article-title":"What drives live-stream usage intention? The perspectives of flow, entertainment, consumer-consumer interaction, and endorsement","volume":"35","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Telematics and Informatics"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1016\/S0747-5632(99)00038-2","article-title":"Optimal experience of web activities","volume":"15","author":"Chen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, J., Luo, J. Y., and Zhou, T. (2024). Research on determinants affecting users\u2019 impulsive purchase intention in live streaming from the perspective of perceived live streamers\u2019 ability. Behavioral Sciences, 14, (3).","DOI":"10.3390\/bs14030190"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5006","DOI":"10.1002\/mde.4299","article-title":"Channel selection strategy with consumer impulse purchase in livestream selling","volume":"45","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Managerial and Decision Economics"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"De Wit, J., Van der Kraan, A., and Theeuwes, J. (2020). Live streams on twitch help viewers cope with difficult periods in life. Frontiers in Psychology, 11.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2020.586975"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dong, W. W., Wang, Y. Q., and Qin, J. (2023). An empirical study on impulsive purchase intention of live streaminging e-commerce: The mediating effect of flow experience and the moderating effect of time pressure. Frontiers in Psychology, 13.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.1019024"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/S0148-2963(99)00087-9","article-title":"Atmospheric qualities of online retailing: A conceptual model and implications","volume":"54","author":"Eroglu","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Business Research"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gao, H. L., Chen, X. Z., and Gao, H. L. (2022). Understanding Chinese consumers\u2019 live streaminging impulsive purchase: A stimulus-organism-response perspective and the mediating role of emotions and Zhong Yong tendency. Frontiers in Psychology, 13.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.881294"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1080\/10447318.2023.2299900","article-title":"AI or human? The effect of streamer types on consumer purchase intention in live streaming","volume":"41","author":"Gao","year":"2024","journal-title":"International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1080\/00223980.1994.9712742","article-title":"Task characteristics and the experience of optimal flow in human\u2014Computer interaction","volume":"128","author":"Ghani","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of Psychology"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guo, J., Li, Y., and Xu, Y. J. (2021). How live streaming features impact consumers\u2019 purchase intention in the context of cross-border e-commerce? A research based on SOR theory. Frontiers in Psychology, 12.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.767876"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1177\/002224299606000304","article-title":"Marketing in hypermedia computer-mediated environments: Conceptual foundations","volume":"60","author":"Hoffman","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of Marketing"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intmar.2020.04.001","article-title":"Transforming the customer experience through new technologies","volume":"51","author":"Hoyer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Interactive Marketing"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1108\/JRIM-01-2022-0009","article-title":"How social presence influences consumer purchase intention in live video commerce: The mediating role of immersive experience and the moderating role of positive emotions","volume":"17","author":"Huang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Research in Interactive Marketing"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102492","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jretconser.2021.102492","article-title":"Enhancing the role of flow experience in social media usage and its impact on shopping","volume":"65","author":"Hyun","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jretconser.2019.06.007","article-title":"Investigating the role of social presence dimensions and information support on consumers\u2019 trust and shopping intentions","volume":"51","author":"Jiang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jiang, Y. P., Lee, H. T., and Li, W. (2024). The effects of live streamer\u2019s expertise and entertainment on the viewers\u2019 purchase and follow intentions. Frontiers in Psychology, 15.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2024.1383736"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1080\/07421222.2004.11045817","article-title":"Virtual product experience: Effects of visual and functional control of products on perceived diagnosticity and flow in electronic shopping","volume":"21","author":"Jiang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Management Information Systems"},{"key":"ref_24","first-page":"102251","article-title":"The dynamic effect of interactivity on customer engagement behavior through tie strength: Evidence from live streaming commerce platforms","volume":"52","author":"Kang","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Information Management"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102519","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijinfomgt.2022.102519","article-title":"Investigating the moderating role of AI-enabled services on flow and awe experience","volume":"66","author":"Kautish","year":"2022","journal-title":"International Journal of Information Management"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1108\/IJRDM-07-2022-0265","article-title":"The online flow and its influence on awe experience: An AI-enabled e-tail service exploration","volume":"51","author":"Khare","year":"2023","journal-title":"International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management"},{"key":"ref_27","unstructured":"Kline, R. B. (2011). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling, Guilford Press. [3rd ed.]."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e25155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e25155","article-title":"Research on the formation mechanism of brand identification in cross-border e-commerce platforms\u2014Based on the perspective of perceived brand globalness\/localness","volume":"10","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1108\/JRIM-04-2021-0114","article-title":"Creating immersive and parasocial live shopping experience for viewers: The role of streamers\u2019 interactional communication style","volume":"17","author":"Liao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Research in Interactive Marketing"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jesp.2005.12.009","article-title":"The effect of level of construal on the temporal distance of activity enactment","volume":"43","author":"Liberman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ling, S., Zheng, C., and Cho, D. M. (2024). The impact of interpersonal interaction on purchase intention in live streaminging e-commerce: A moderated mediation model. Behavioral Sciences, 14, (4).","DOI":"10.3390\/bs14040320"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, F., Wang, Y., and Dong, X. (2022). Marketing by live streaming: How to interact with consumers to increase their purchase intentions. Frontiers in Psychology, 13.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.933633"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dss.2013.04.001","article-title":"Website attributes in urging online impulse purchase: An empirical investigation on consumer perceptions","volume":"55","author":"Liu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Decision Support Systems"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusres.2022.04.013","article-title":"Why do consumers buy impulsively during live streaming? A deep learning-based dual-stage SEM-ANN analysis","volume":"147","author":"Lo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Business Research"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103509","DOI":"10.1016\/j.im.2021.103509","article-title":"Live streaming commerce and consumers\u2019 purchase intention: An uncertainty reduction perspective","volume":"58","author":"Lu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Information & Management"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1177\/009207002236913","article-title":"Cross-cultural and cognitive aspects of web site navigation","volume":"30","author":"Luna","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103644","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jretconser.2023.103644","article-title":"Boosting customers\u2019 impulsive purchase tendency in live-streaming commerce: The role of customer engagement and deal proneness","volume":"77","author":"Luo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1034","DOI":"10.1108\/JRIM-05-2023-0142","article-title":"From screen to cart: How influencers drive impulsive buying in livestreaming commerce?","volume":"18","author":"Ma","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Research in Interactive Marketing"},{"key":"ref_39","unstructured":"Mehrabian, A., and Russell, J. A. (1974). An approach to environmental psychology, MIT."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1108\/IJWIS-02-2021-0012","article-title":"How social presence influences impulsive purchase behavior in live streaming commerce? The role of S-O-R theory","volume":"17","author":"Ming","year":"2021","journal-title":"International Journal of Web Information Systems"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102404","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jretconser.2020.102404","article-title":"Social commerce website design, perceived value and loyalty behavior intentions: The moderating roles of gender, age and frequency of use","volume":"63","author":"Molinillo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1108\/IMDS-05-2019-0280","article-title":"Impact of product description and involvement on purchase intention in cross-border e-commerce","volume":"120","author":"Mou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Industrial Management & Data Systems"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-5885.2009.00667.x","article-title":"Virtual customer environments: Testing a model of voluntary participation in value co-creation activities","volume":"26","author":"Nambisan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Product Innovation Management"},{"key":"ref_44","unstructured":"National Health Commission of China, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Ministry of Education of China, and National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (2026, May 01). Measures for ethical review of life sciences and medical research involving human subjects, Available online: https:\/\/www.gov.cn\/zhengce\/zhengceku\/2023-02\/28\/content_5743658.htm."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1108\/RIBS-08-2023-0097","article-title":"Business strategic insight: Understanding the impact of perceived value and impulsiveness on consumer response in global mobile shopping","volume":"34","author":"Negash","year":"2024","journal-title":"Review of International Business and Strategy"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1108\/13555851211218075","article-title":"A structural approach to examine the quality attributes of e-shopping malls using the Kano model","volume":"24","author":"Oh","year":"2012","journal-title":"Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing & Logistics"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1287\/isre.1070.0157","article-title":"The influence of website characteristics on a consumer\u2019s urge to buy impulsively","volume":"20","author":"Parboteeah","year":"2009","journal-title":"Information Systems Research"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1410","DOI":"10.1108\/JBIM-10-2018-0295","article-title":"Artificial intelligence (AI) and its implications for market knowledge in B2B marketing","volume":"34","author":"Paschen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1108\/JPBM-07-2023-4619","article-title":"Harnessing the power of brand social media marketing on consumer online impulsive purchase intention: A stimulus-organism-response framework","volume":"33","author":"Safeer","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Product and Brand Management"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1007\/s12525-023-00633-8","article-title":"AI-based chatbots in conversational commerce and their effects on product and price perceptions","volume":"33","author":"Sidlauskiene","year":"2023","journal-title":"Electronic Markets"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/S0747-5632(03)00050-5","article-title":"Visitors\u2019 flow experience while browsing a web site: Its measurement, contributing factors and consequences","volume":"20","author":"Skadberg","year":"2004","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e23185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e23185","article-title":"Relationship between time pressure and consumers\u2019 impulsive purchase-role of perceived value and emotions","volume":"9","author":"Sun","year":"2023","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sun, W. G., Gao, W., and Geng, R. S. (2021). The impact of the interactivity of internet celebrity anchors on consumers\u2019 purchase intention. Frontiers in Psychology, 12.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.757059"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100958","DOI":"10.1016\/j.elerap.2019.100886","article-title":"How live streaming influences purchase intentions in social commerce: An IT affordance perspective","volume":"37","author":"Sun","year":"2019","journal-title":"Electronic Commerce Research and Applications"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1080\/08961530.2021.1961335","article-title":"Influence of consumer affinity toward foreign countries on consumers\u2019 regulatory focuses","volume":"34","author":"Terasaki","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of International Consumer Marketing"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1234","DOI":"10.1108\/IMDS-04-2023-0231","article-title":"Formation mechanism of user stickiness in live e-commerce: The hybrid PLS-SEM and ANN approach","volume":"124","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Industrial Management & Data Systems"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.2147\/PRBM.S301286","article-title":"How emotional interaction affects purchase intention in social commerce: The role of perceived usefulness and product type","volume":"14","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Psychology Research and Behavior Management"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.3727\/154427223X16819417821859","article-title":"The influence of design and arousal on impulse purchase in mobile travel applications","volume":"28","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Tourism Review International"},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9189","DOI":"10.1080\/00036846.2023.2299266","article-title":"The influence of internet celebrity anchors\u2019 reputation on consumers\u2019 purchase intention in the context of digital economy: From the perspective of consumers\u2019 initial trust","volume":"56","author":"Wen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Applied Economics"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xiao, L., Guo, F. P., and Yu, F. M. (2019). The effects of online shopping context cues on consumers\u2019 purchase intention for cross-border e-commerce sustainability. Sustainability, 11, (10).","DOI":"10.3390\/su11102777"},{"key":"ref_61","first-page":"21","article-title":"The influences of live streaming affordance in cross-border e-commerce platforms: An information transparency perspective","volume":"30","author":"Xu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Global Information Management"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1080\/10447318.2023.2295686","article-title":"Whether live streaming has a better performance? An examination of product presentation modes on cross-border e-commerce platforms","volume":"41","author":"Xu","year":"2023","journal-title":"International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction"},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, N. (2023). Product presentation in the live-streaming context: The effect of consumer perceived product value and time pressure on consumer\u2019s purchase intention. Frontiers in Psychology, 14.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2023.1124675"},{"key":"ref_64","first-page":"1089","article-title":"Supervising or assisting? The influence of virtual anchor driven by AI-human collaboration on customer engagement in live streaming e-commerce","volume":"23","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Electronic Commerce Research"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"912","DOI":"10.1016\/j.im.2018.04.005","article-title":"Perceived information transparency in B2C e-commerce: An empirical investigation","volume":"55","author":"Zhou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Information & Management"},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusres.2022.06.044","article-title":"AI is better when I\u2019m sure: The influence of certainty of needs on consumers\u2019 acceptance of AI chatbots","volume":"150","author":"Zhu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Business Research"}],"container-title":["Behavioral Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-328X\/16\/9\/1693\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T09:38:32Z","timestamp":1789983512000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-328X\/16\/9\/1693"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]]},"references-count":66,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["bs16091693"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/bs16091693","relation":{},"ISSN":["2076-328X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2076-328X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]]}}}