{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T17:56:02Z","timestamp":1777658162141,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,3]],"date-time":"2023-08-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1691020800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Catholic University of Cuenca","award":["PICVII19-81"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PICVII19-81"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Buildings"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Vernacular architecture constitutes a rich source of information and ancestral knowledge and could become a key resource for sustainable development. Its passive design strategies effectively respond to local climatic and weather conditions, using locally sourced materials for the construction of its supporting structures and enveloping elements, as well as spatial organization and the incorporation of a buffer area (courtyard) that optimize the use of renewable resources. This qualitative study analyzes a traditional housing typology with a central courtyard located in the Historic Center of Azogues, Ecuador. In situ monitoring was conducted to evaluate the case study\u2019s interior thermal comfort in different building spaces. Using the open-source software Open Studio and EnergyPlus, a simulation model was built to assess the annual thermal performance of the house. Field records were used to verify the effectiveness of the strategies that responded to the location\u2019s climatic conditions. The analysis of the passive strategies used in the selected house included natural ventilation, solar protection, and thermal insulation, which depended on various aspects of the building, such as its location, the internal space\u2019s arrangement, and the design of openings (doors and windows), among others. The thermal simulations revealed that the traditional house located in the Historic Center of Azogues was well adapted to the local climate, although the interior thermal comfort was not entirely satisfactory.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/buildings13081984","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,3]],"date-time":"2023-08-03T11:13:06Z","timestamp":1691061186000},"page":"1984","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Analysis of Passive Strategies in Traditional Vernacular Architecture"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Pedro","family":"Moscoso-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad Acad\u00e9mica de Ingenier\u00eda, Industria y Construcci\u00f3n, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Cuenca, Av. De las Am\u00e9ricas S-N y Humboldt, Cuenca 010105, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6931-0192","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Felipe","family":"Quesada-Molina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad Acad\u00e9mica de Ingenier\u00eda, Industria y Construcci\u00f3n, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Cuenca, Av. De las Am\u00e9ricas S-N y Humboldt, Cuenca 010105, Ecuador"},{"name":"Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism, University of Cuenca, Cuenca 010203, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109244","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2019.109244","article-title":"Review of building energy performance certification schemes towards future improvement","volume":"113","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Renew. Sustain. 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