{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T08:04:19Z","timestamp":1790755459364,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,4]],"date-time":"2018-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1528070400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The discovery of the tumor suppressor p53, through its interactions with proteins of tumor-promoting viruses, paved the way to the understanding of p53 roles in tumor virology. Over the years, accumulating data suggest that WTp53 is involved in the viral life cycle of non-tumor-promoting viruses as well. These include the influenza virus, smallpox and vaccinia viruses, the Zika virus, West Nile virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1, Human herpes simplex virus-1, and more. Viruses have learned to manipulate WTp53 through different strategies to improve their replication and spreading in a stage-specific, bidirectional way. While some viruses require active WTp53 for efficient viral replication, others require reduction\/inhibition of WTp53 activity. A better understanding of WTp53 functionality in viral life may offer new future clinical approaches, based on WTp53 manipulation, for viral infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers10060178","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,4]],"date-time":"2018-06-04T08:40:39Z","timestamp":1528101639000},"page":"178","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":70,"title":["p53 and the Viral Connection: Back into the Future \u2021"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Ronit","family":"Aloni-Grinstein","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Box 19, 74100 Ness-Ziona, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meital","family":"Charni-Natan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hilla","family":"Solomon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Varda","family":"Rotter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1038\/278261a0","article-title":"T antigen is bound to a host protein in SV40-transformed cells","volume":"278","author":"Lane","year":"1979","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(79)90293-9","article-title":"Characterization of a 54K dalton cellular SV40 tumor antigen present in SV40-transformed cells and uninfected embryonal carcinoma cells","volume":"17","author":"Linzer","year":"1979","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.31.2.472-483.1979","article-title":"Simian virus 40-transformed cells express new species of proteins precipitable by anti-simian virus 40 tumor serum","volume":"31","author":"Kress","year":"1979","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6822(79)90250-2","article-title":"Identification of new polypeptide species (48-55K) immunoprecipitable by antiserum to purified large T antigen and present in SV40-infected and -transformed cells","volume":"93","author":"Melero","year":"1979","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(79)90053-9","article-title":"Characterization of different tumor antigens present in cells transformed by simian virus 40","volume":"18","author":"Smith","year":"1979","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.36.2.547-555.1980","article-title":"Abelson murine leukemia virus-induced tumors elicit antibodies against a host cell protein, P50","volume":"36","author":"Rotter","year":"1980","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1038\/358015a0","article-title":"Cancer. p53, guardian of the genome","volume":"358","author":"Lane","year":"1992","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc2693","article-title":"When mutants gain new powers: News from the mutant p53 field","volume":"9","author":"Brosh","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc2723","article-title":"The first 30 years of p53: Growing ever more complex","volume":"9","author":"Levine","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1038\/35042675","article-title":"Surfing the p53 network","volume":"408","author":"Vogelstein","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1002\/rmv.1738","article-title":"Genome guardian p53 and viral infections","volume":"23","author":"Sato","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rev. Med. Virol."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2010.02222.x","article-title":"To kill or be killed: How viruses interact with the cell death machinery","volume":"267","author":"Kaminskyy","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"a001107","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a001107","article-title":"Mutant p53 gain-of-function in cancer","volume":"2","author":"Oren","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Biol."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1208","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.68.6.1208","article-title":"Analysis of the events leading to SV40-induced chromosome replication and mitosis in primary mouse kidney cell cultures","volume":"68","author":"May","year":"1971","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(88)90559-4","article-title":"SV40 large tumor antigen forms a specific complex with the product of the retinoblastoma susceptibility gene","volume":"54","author":"DeCaprio","year":"1988","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(92)90214-W","article-title":"The transcription factor E2F interacts with the retinoblastoma product and a p107-cyclin A complex in a cell cycle-regulated manner","volume":"68","author":"Shirodkar","year":"1992","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(95)90385-2","article-title":"The retinoblastoma protein and cell cycle control","volume":"81","author":"Weinberg","year":"1995","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1038\/334124a0","article-title":"Association between an oncogene and an anti-oncogene: The adenovirus E1A proteins bind to the retinoblastoma gene product","volume":"334","author":"Whyte","year":"1988","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00986728","article-title":"Adenovirus-E1A proteins transform cells by sequestering regulatory proteins","volume":"17","author":"Peeper","year":"1993","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Rep."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(82)90356-7","article-title":"Adenovirus E1b-58kd tumor antigen and SV40 large tumor antigen are physically associated with the same 54 kd cellular protein in transformed cells","volume":"28","author":"Sarnow","year":"1982","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2332","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.1471706","article-title":"When viral oncoprotein meets tumor suppressor: A structural view","volume":"20","author":"Liu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6872","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.65.12.6872-6880.1991","article-title":"The ability of simian virus 40 large T antigen to immortalize primary mouse embryo fibroblasts cosegregates with its ability to bind to p53","volume":"65","author":"Zhu","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10106","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00174-09","article-title":"Wild-type p53 enhances efficiency of simian virus 40 large-T-antigen-induced cellular transformation","volume":"83","author":"Hermannstadter","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52643","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.10769","article-title":"p53 elevation in human cells halt SV40 infection by inhibiting T-ag expression","volume":"7","author":"Drayman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5915","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.76.12.5915-5924.2002","article-title":"Cellular transcription factor Sp1 recruits simian virus 40 capsid proteins to the viral packaging signal, ses","volume":"76","author":"Roitman","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S849","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ813","article-title":"Human Papillomavirus and Genital Warts: A Review of the Evidence for the 2015 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Sexually Transmitted Diseases Treatment Guidelines","volume":"61","author":"Park","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4898","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.63.11.4898-4903.1989","article-title":"Heterogeneity of the human papillomavirus group","volume":"63","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/S1359-6101(00)00023-X","article-title":"Control of interferon signaling in human papillomavirus infection","volume":"12","author":"Koromilas","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cytokine Growth Factor Rev."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1038\/30363","article-title":"Papillomavirus and p53","volume":"393","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(91)90529-8","article-title":"Degradation of p53 can be targeted by HPV E6 sequences distinct from those required for p53 binding and trans-activation","volume":"67","author":"Crook","year":"1991","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1997.8860","article-title":"A comparative analysis of the interactions of the E6 proteins from cutaneous and genital papillomaviruses with p53 and E6AP in correlation to their transforming potential","volume":"239","author":"Elbel","year":"1997","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(93)90384-3","article-title":"The HPV-16 E6 and E6-AP complex functions as a ubiquitin-protein ligase in the ubiquitination of p53","volume":"75","author":"Scheffner","year":"1993","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1038\/cdd.2017.172","article-title":"Cell cycle arrest through indirect transcriptional repression by p53: I have a DREAM","volume":"25","author":"Engeland","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Death Differ."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2603","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-02831-9","article-title":"Human papilloma virus E7 oncoprotein abrogates the p53-p21-DREAM pathway","volume":"7","author":"Fischer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.bi.59.070190.003305","article-title":"Regulation of vaccinia virus transcription","volume":"59","author":"Moss","year":"1990","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2004.08.013","article-title":"The vaccinia virus B1R kinase induces p53 downregulation by an Mdm2-dependent mechanism","volume":"328","author":"Santos","year":"2004","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1089\/104454999314836","article-title":"Infection with vaccinia virus alters regulation of cell cycle progression","volume":"18","author":"Wali","year":"1999","journal-title":"DNA Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.5745.363","article-title":"Tanapox: A new disease caused by a pox virus","volume":"1","author":"Downie","year":"1971","journal-title":"Br. Med. J."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2174\/1874357901307010001","article-title":"The Tanapoxvirus 142R Protein is a Serine-Threonine Kinase that Phosphorylates the Tumor Suppressor p53","volume":"7","author":"Seibert","year":"2013","journal-title":"Open Virol. J."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(52)90042-4","article-title":"Zika virus. I. Isolations and serological specificity","volume":"46","author":"Dick","year":"1952","journal-title":"Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(16)00095-5","article-title":"Detection and sequencing of Zika virus from amniotic fluid of fetuses with microcephaly in Brazil: A case study","volume":"16","author":"Calvet","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2016.12.005","article-title":"Recent Zika Virus Isolates Induce Premature Differentiation of Neural Progenitors in Human Brain Organoids","volume":"20","author":"Gabriel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2125","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)00651-6","article-title":"Association between Zika virus and microcephaly in French Polynesia, 2013-15: A retrospective study","volume":"387","author":"Cauchemez","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spen.2007.07.003","article-title":"Microcephaly syndromes","volume":"14","author":"Abuelo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Semin. Pediatr. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2567","DOI":"10.1038\/cddis.2016.446","article-title":"ZIKA virus elicits P53 activation and genotoxic stress in human neural progenitors similar to mutations involved in severe forms of genetic microcephaly and p53","volume":"8","author":"Ghouzzi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-198612000-00012","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of vecuronium and pancuronium in anesthetized children","volume":"65","author":"Meistelman","year":"1986","journal-title":"Anesth. Analg."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1053\/hp.2000.8047","article-title":"The pathology of human West Nile Virus infection","volume":"31","author":"Sampson","year":"2000","journal-title":"Hum. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_48","first-page":"165","article-title":"West Nile virus capsid protein induces p53-mediated apoptosis via the sequestration of HDM2 to the nucleolus","volume":"10","author":"Yang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1097211","article-title":"Mapping the antigenic and genetic evolution of influenza virus","volume":"305","author":"Smith","year":"2004","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2717","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/cdg279","article-title":"Caspase 3 activation is essential for efficient influenza virus propagation","volume":"22","author":"Wurzer","year":"2003","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8233","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02672-08","article-title":"Lack of Bax prevents influenza A virus-induced apoptosis and causes diminished viral replication","volume":"83","author":"McLean","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8802","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.79.14.8802-8811.2005","article-title":"Influenza virus infection increases p53 activity: Role of p53 in cell death and viral replication","volume":"79","author":"Turpin","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2009.03.018","article-title":"Influenza A virus induces p53 accumulation in a biphasic pattern","volume":"382","author":"Shen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18366","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M111.335422","article-title":"Stabilization of p53 in influenza A virus-infected cells is associated with compromised MDM2-mediated ubiquitination of p53","volume":"287","author":"Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1768","DOI":"10.1038\/cddis.2015.131","article-title":"The nucleoprotein of influenza A virus induces p53 signaling and apoptosis via attenuation of host ubiquitin ligase RNF43","volume":"6","author":"Nailwal","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yan, W., Wei, J., Deng, X., Shi, Z., Zhu, Z., Shao, D., Li, B., Wang, S., Tong, G., and Ma, Z. (2015). Transcriptional analysis of immune-related gene expression in p53-deficient mice with increased susceptibility to influenza A virus infection. BMC Med. Genom., 8.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12920-015-0127-8"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2014.10.067","article-title":"Type I interferon-mediated immune response against influenza A virus is attenuated in the absence of p53","volume":"454","author":"Zhu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6428","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1101459","article-title":"p53 serves as a host antiviral factor that enhances innate and adaptive immune responses to influenza A virus","volume":"187","author":"Pazos","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2567.2003.01738.x","article-title":"The MHC class I antigen presentation pathway: Strategies for viral immune evasion","volume":"110","author":"Hewitt","year":"2003","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2359","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms3359","article-title":"p53 increases MHC class I expression by upregulating the endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase ERAP1","volume":"4","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8235617","article-title":"Multifactorial nature of human immunodeficiency virus disease: Implications for therapy","volume":"262","author":"Fauci","year":"1993","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2692","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.76.6.2692-2702.2002","article-title":"Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Nef binds to tumor suppressor p53 and protects cells against p53-mediated apoptosis","volume":"76","author":"Greenway","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4302","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.68.7.4302-4313.1994","article-title":"The tumor suppressor protein p53 strongly alters human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication","volume":"68","author":"Duan","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2012.06.084","article-title":"Inhibition of SIRT1 by HIV-1 viral protein Tat results in activation of p53 pathway","volume":"424","author":"Thakur","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20798","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1008076107","article-title":"HIV-1 viral infectivity factor interacts with TP53 to induce G2 cell cycle arrest and positively regulate viral replication","volume":"107","author":"Izumi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20052","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.273.32.20052","article-title":"Cooperative actions of HIV-1 Vpr and p53 modulate viral gene transcription","volume":"273","author":"Sawaya","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4569","DOI":"10.4161\/cc.9.22.13836","article-title":"Transcriptional regulation of HIV-1 gene expression by p53","volume":"9","author":"Mukerjee","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cell Cycle"},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.biochem.66.1.347","article-title":"Herpes simplex virus DNA replication","volume":"66","author":"Boehmer","year":"1997","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9323","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01581-13","article-title":"Roles of p53 in herpes simplex virus 1 replication","volume":"87","author":"Maruzuru","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6738","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00846-16","article-title":"p53 Is a Host Cell Regulator during Herpes Simplex Encephalitis","volume":"90","author":"Maruzuru","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02817445","article-title":"Early expression of herpes simplex virus (HSV) proteins and reactivation of latent infection","volume":"45","author":"Rajcani","year":"2000","journal-title":"Folia Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2014.04.019","article-title":"Identification of two novel functional p53 responsive elements in the herpes simplex virus-1 genome","volume":"460\u2013461","author":"Hsieh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3059","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1208477","article-title":"Resistance to viral infection of super p53 mice","volume":"24","author":"Garcia","year":"2005","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7276","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-17-1438","article-title":"Demethylation Therapy as a Targeted Treatment for Human Papillomavirus-Associated Head and Neck Cancer","volume":"23","author":"Biktasova","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1186\/s12985-016-0595-2","article-title":"Highly activated p53 contributes to selectively increased apoptosis of latently HIV-1 infected cells upon treatment of anticancer drugs","volume":"13","author":"Shin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Virol. J."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2016.99","article-title":"Emerging roles of p53 and other tumour-suppressor genes in immune regulation","volume":"16","author":"Mandinova","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.3390\/v2010298","article-title":"Dual Role of p53 in Innate Antiviral Immunity","volume":"2","author":"Rivas","year":"2010","journal-title":"Viruses"}],"container-title":["Cancers"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6694\/10\/6\/178\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T15:07:07Z","timestamp":1760195227000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6694\/10\/6\/178"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,4]]},"references-count":77,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]}},"alternative-id":["cancers10060178"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cancers10060178","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-6694"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2072-6694","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,4]]}}}