{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T13:48:49Z","timestamp":1774532929742,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,4]],"date-time":"2018-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1543881600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010564","name":"Deutsche Zentrum f\u00fcr Lungenforschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82DZL00402"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82DZL00402"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010564","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A major part of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with mono- or multimodal concept develop therapy resistance. Despite the abundance of biomarkers investigated in the past, there is still a need for valid NSCLC biomarkers. Glycodelin, an immunosuppressive endometrial protein, has been shown to be also expressed in NSCLC. Here, we investigated its potential as a biomarker in metastatic and advanced stage NSCLC. Glycodelin gene and protein expression were measured in 28 therapy-na\u00efve resected tumors as well as in corresponding brain (n = 16) and adrenal gland (n = 12) metastasis by qPCR and IHC. Moreover, we correlated glycodelin gene expression of cryoconserved therapy-na\u00efve biopsies (n = 55) of advanced stage patients with glycodelin serum concentrations and patient survival. Using follow-up samples of the patients, we monitored glycodelin serum concentrations during therapy. Glycodelin expression correlated between primary tumor and distant metastases within the same patients. The gene expression of glycodelin in therapy-na\u00efve biopsies also correlated with the serum concentrations of the patients (r = 0.60). Patients with elevated serum concentrations showed a tendency in lower overall survival (p = 0.088) and measuring of glycodelin indicated a progression of the disease earlier compared to clinical diagnostic. Taken together, we demonstrate that glycodelin is a promising prognostic and follow-up biomarker for metastatic and advanced NSCLC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers10120486","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,4]],"date-time":"2018-12-04T11:56:18Z","timestamp":1543924578000},"page":"486","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Glycodelin as a Serum and Tissue Biomarker for Metastatic and Advanced NSCLC"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8269-3821","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marc A.","family":"Schneider","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Research Unit, Thoraxklinik at University Hospital Heidelberg, D-69126 Heidelberg, Germany"},{"name":"Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8141-0604","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Muley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Research Unit, Thoraxklinik at University Hospital Heidelberg, D-69126 Heidelberg, Germany"},{"name":"Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Weber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Research Unit, Thoraxklinik at University Hospital Heidelberg, D-69126 Heidelberg, Germany"},{"name":"Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sabine","family":"Wessels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Thoracic Oncology, Thoraxklinik at University Hospital Heidelberg, D-69126 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Thoracic Oncology, Thoraxklinik at University Hospital Heidelberg, D-69126 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Felix J. F.","family":"Herth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Pneumology and Critical Care Medicine, Thoraxklinik at University Hospital Heidelberg, D-69126 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicolas C.","family":"Kahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Pneumology and Critical Care Medicine, Thoraxklinik at University Hospital Heidelberg, D-69126 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ralf","family":"Eberhardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Pneumology and Critical Care Medicine, Thoraxklinik at University Hospital Heidelberg, D-69126 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hauke","family":"Winter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, Thoraxklinik at University Hospital Heidelberg, D-69126 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gudula","family":"Heussel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology with Nuclear Medicine, Thoraxklinik at University Hospital Heidelberg, D-69126 Heidelberg, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arne","family":"Warth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christel","family":"Herold-Mende","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Experimental Neurosurgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany"},{"name":"German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), D-69126 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Meister","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Research Unit, Thoraxklinik at University Hospital Heidelberg, D-69126 Heidelberg, Germany"},{"name":"Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21262","article-title":"Global cancer statistics, 2012","volume":"65","author":"Torre","year":"2015","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. 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