{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T19:47:47Z","timestamp":1791229667539,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,24]],"date-time":"2019-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1558656000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Canadian Institutes for Health Research Professional Student Research Award, Health Quality Council of Alberta Student Research Award","award":["N\/A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N\/A"]}]},{"name":"The Canadian National Institute of the Blind","award":["N\/A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N\/A"]}]},{"name":"The Dorothy and George O'Neill Eye Research Fund","award":["N\/A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N\/A"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In contrast to the well-established association between ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure and skin cancers, the relationship between UVR and uveal malignant melanoma (UM) remains controversial. To address this controversy, we evaluated the incidence rates of cutaneous malignancies in the eyelids as a proxy for UVR exposure in the ocular region using a population-based cancer registry. Overall, 74,053 cases of eyelid basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and 7890 cases of melanoma over a 26-year period (1982\u20132007) were analyzed. The incidence of eyelid basal cell carcinoma and uveal melanoma remained stable, whereas other cutaneous areas demonstrated an increase in the rates. A comparability test demonstrated that BCC incidence trends were significantly different between the eyelid versus both chronically exposed (males p = 0.001; females p = 0.01) and intermittently exposed skin (males and females, p = 0.0002), as well as the skin of the face (males p = 0.002; females p = 0.02). Similarly, melanoma trends were significantly different between the UM group versus both chronically exposed cutaneous melanoma (CM) (males p = 0.001; females p = 0.04) and intermittently exposed CM (males p = 0.005), as well as facial skin CM (males and females p = 0.0002). The discrepancy of cancer incidence between tumors in the peri-ocular region versus the rest of the body suggests that the peri-ocular region might have a different or unique exposure pattern to ultraviolet radiation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers11050719","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,24]],"date-time":"2019-05-24T11:20:46Z","timestamp":1558696846000},"page":"719","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Changes in Ultraviolet Radiation Exposure to the Ocular Region: A Population-Based Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6862-0850","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ezekiel","family":"Weis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T5H 3V9, Canada"},{"name":"Division of Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2V 4R6, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebastian Q.","family":"Vrouwe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T5H 3V9, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David B.","family":"LeBaron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T5H 3V9, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew B.","family":"Parliament","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1Z2, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jerry","family":"Shields","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ocular Oncology Service, Wills Eye Hospital, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3288-3632","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carol L.","family":"Shields","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ocular Oncology Service, Wills Eye Hospital, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2299","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19930401)71:7<2299::AID-CNCR2820710721>3.0.CO;2-G","article-title":"Biologic distinctions between cure and time to death in 2892 patients with intraocular melanoma","volume":"71","author":"Gamel","year":"1993","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4651","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.03-0538","article-title":"Very long-term prognosis of patients with malignant uveal melanoma","volume":"44","author":"Kujala","year":"2003","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1664","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0142(19981015)83:8<1664::AID-CNCR23>3.0.CO;2-G","article-title":"The National Cancer Data Base report on cutaneous and noncutaneous melanoma: A Summary of 84,836 cases from the past decade. The American College of Surgeons Commission on Cancer and the American Cancer Society","volume":"83","author":"Chang","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2016.275","article-title":"Uveal melanoma: Relatively rare but deadly cancer","volume":"31","author":"Kaliki","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eye"},{"key":"ref_5","unstructured":"Shields, J.A., and Shields, C.L. (1999). Posterior Uveal Melanoma: Management. Intraocular Tumors: An. Atlas and Textbook. Rev., Lippincott Williams & Wilkins."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ohc.2004.07.002","article-title":"Uveal melanoma: Epidemiologic aspects","volume":"18","author":"Singh","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ophthalmol. Clin. N. Am."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"(1991). National Institutes of Health Summary of the Consensus Development Conference on Sunlight, Ultraviolet Radiation, and the Skin. Bethesda, Maryland, May 8\u201310, 1989. Consensus Development Panel. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol., 24, 608\u2013612.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(08)80159-4"},{"key":"ref_8","unstructured":"(1992). IARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans. Solar and ultraviolet radiation. IARC Monogr. Eval. Carcinog. Risks Hum., 55, 1\u2013316."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199904293401707","article-title":"The pathogenesis of melanoma induced by ultraviolet radiation","volume":"340","author":"Gilchrest","year":"1999","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-77574-6_8","article-title":"Epidemiology of melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancer\u2014The role of sunlight","volume":"624","author":"Leiter","year":"2008","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1023684502638","article-title":"Trends in the incidence of ocular melanoma in the United States, 1974\u20131998","volume":"14","author":"Inskip","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1080\/09286580591000836","article-title":"Uveal and conjunctival malignant melanoma in Denmark, 1943\u20131997: Incidence and validation study","volume":"12","author":"Isager","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Epidemiol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2004.04.009","article-title":"Sunlight exposure and pathogenesis of uveal melanoma","volume":"49","author":"Singh","year":"2004","journal-title":"Surv. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.rpd.a033197","article-title":"Epidemiology of Chronic Disease Risks in Relations to Ultraviolet Radiation Exposure","volume":"91","author":"Swerdlow","year":"2000","journal-title":"Radiat. Prot. Dosimet."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1080\/09286580500186389","article-title":"Choroidal and cutaneous melanoma: Distinctly different cousins","volume":"12","author":"Young","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Epidemiol."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1599","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2005.04.020","article-title":"Intermittent and chronic ultraviolet light exposure and uveal melanoma: A meta-analysis","volume":"112","author":"Shah","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.124.1.54","article-title":"The association between host susceptibility factors and uveal melanoma: A meta-analysis","volume":"124","author":"Weis","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2008.10.008","article-title":"The association of cutaneous and iris nevi with uveal melanoma: A meta-analysis","volume":"116","author":"Weis","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"ref_19","unstructured":"IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk to Humans (2019, May 01). Radiation. Lyon (FR): International Agency for Research on Cancer; 2012. (IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, No. 100D.) SOLAR AND ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION, Available online: https:\/\/www-ncbi-nlm-nih-gov.ezproxy.lib.ucalgary.ca\/books\/NBK304366\/."},{"key":"ref_20","first-page":"36","article-title":"Molybdenum Trioxide, and Indium Tin Oxide","volume":"118","author":"Welding","year":"2018","journal-title":"IARC Monogr. Eval. Carcinog. Risks Hum."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1007\/s10792-013-9791-x","article-title":"Ultraviolet light and ocular diseases","volume":"34","author":"Yam","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2004.10.015","article-title":"Meta-analysis of risk factors for cutaneous melanoma: I. Common and atypical naevi","volume":"41","author":"Gandini","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur. J. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2004.10.016","article-title":"Meta-analysis of risk factors for cutaneous melanoma: II. Sun exposure","volume":"41","author":"Gandini","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur. J. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2040","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.03.034","article-title":"Meta-analysis of risk factors for cutaneous melanoma: III. Family history, actinic damage and phenotypic factors","volume":"41","author":"Gandini","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur. J. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1018432632528","article-title":"Incidence of cutaneous melanoma among non-Hispanic whites, Hispanics, Asians, and blacks: An analysis of California cancer registry data, 1988\u20131993","volume":"8","author":"Cress","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1097\/ICL.0b013e31821e45a9","article-title":"Ultraviolet phototoxicity to the retina","volume":"37","author":"Glickman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eye Contact Lens"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4624","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.6614","article-title":"Deep sequencing of uveal melanoma identifies a recurrent mutation in PLCB4","volume":"7","author":"Johansson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1038\/jhg.2015.152","article-title":"UV light signature in conjunctival melanoma; not only skin should be protected from solar radiation","volume":"61","author":"Rivolta","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2016.09.008","article-title":"Comprehensive genetic landscape of uveal melanoma by whole-genome sequencing","volume":"99","author":"Torsello","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.296962.117","article-title":"Focus on cutaneous and uveal melanoma specificities","volume":"31","author":"Pandiani","year":"2017","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"De Lange, M.J., Razzaq, L., Versluis, M., Verlinde, S., Dogrus\u00f6z, M., B\u00f6hringer, S., Marinkovic, M., Luyten, G.P., de Keizer, R.J., and de Gruijl, F.R. (2015). Distribution of GNAQ and GNA11 Mutation Signatures in Uveal Melanoma Points to a Light Dependent Mutation Mechanism. PLoS ONE, 10.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0138002"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1111\/php.12161","article-title":"Implication of ultraviolet light in the etiology of uveal melanoma: A review","volume":"90","author":"Mallet","year":"2014","journal-title":"Photochem. Photobiol."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1008964621225","article-title":"Trends by anatomic site in the incidence of cutaneous malignant melanoma in Canada, 1969\u20131993","volume":"10","author":"Bulliard","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/93.9.678","article-title":"Recent trends in cutaneous melanoma incidence among whites in the United States","volume":"93","author":"Jemal","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Natl. Cancer Inst."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"956","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(03)00078-2","article-title":"Incidence of uveal melanoma in the United States: 1973\u20131997","volume":"110","author":"Singh","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a113636","article-title":"Epidemiology of eye cancer in adults in England and Wales, 1962\u20131977","volume":"118","author":"Swerdlow","year":"1983","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.01.032","article-title":"EUROCARE Working Group. Incidence of uveal melanoma in Europe","volume":"114","author":"Virgili","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.11057","article-title":"Incidence of ocular melanoma in Australia from 1990 to 1998","volume":"105","author":"Vajdic","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_39","first-page":"2579","article-title":"Incidence of uveal melanoma in Sweden from 1960 to 1998","volume":"43","author":"Bergman","year":"2002","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/S1011-1344(01)00198-1","article-title":"The epidemiology of UV induced skin cancer","volume":"63","author":"Armstrong","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Photochem. Photobiol. B"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.139.8.1067","article-title":"Ocular melanoma: A review and the relationship to cutaneous melanoma","volume":"139","author":"Hurst","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.20866","article-title":"Incidence of noncutaneous melanomas in the U.S.","volume":"103","author":"McLaughlin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-1097.2005.tb00217.x","article-title":"Photobiology of ocular melanocytes and melanoma","volume":"81","author":"Hu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Photochem. Photobiol."},{"key":"ref_44","unstructured":"Scotto, J., Fears, T.R., Fraumeni, J.F., National Cancer Institute, and Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center (2019, May 01). Incidence of nonmelanoma skin cancer in the United States prepared by Joseph Scotto, Thomas, R. Fears, and Joseph, F. Fraumeni; in collaboration with Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center [et al.]. Available online: https:\/\/search.library.wisc.edu\/catalog\/999552700102121."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1991.tb14171.x","article-title":"Trends in the incidence of non-melanoma skin cancer in the SE Netherlands 1975\u20131988, A registry-based study","volume":"125","author":"Coebergh","year":"1991","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0420.2005.00445.x","article-title":"Basal cell carcinoma of the eyelid in Finland during 1953\u20131997","volume":"83","author":"Paavilainen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Acta. Ophthalmol. Scand."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.83.5.595","article-title":"Incidence of eyelid cancers in Singapore from 1968 to 1995","volume":"83","author":"Lee","year":"1999","journal-title":"Br. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1346-8138.2008.00416.x","article-title":"Trends during a half century in relative squamous cell carcinoma distribution by body site in the Swedish population: Support for accumulated sun exposure as the main risk factor","volume":"35","author":"Dal","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/24\/5\/006","article-title":"Solar dosimetry of the face: The relationship of natural ultraviolet radiation exposure to basal cell carcinoma localisation","volume":"24","author":"Diffey","year":"1979","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1039\/b901741k","article-title":"Measurements of the anatomical distribution of erythemal ultraviolet: A study comparing exposure distribution to the site incidence of solar keratoses, basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma","volume":"8","author":"Downs","year":"2009","journal-title":"Photochem. Photobiol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-1097.1985.tb01555.x","article-title":"The ocular dose of ultraviolet radiation from sunlight exposure","volume":"42","author":"Rosenthal","year":"1985","journal-title":"Photochem. Photobiol."},{"key":"ref_52","first-page":"649","article-title":"The ocular dose of ultraviolet radiation to outdoor workers","volume":"29","author":"Rosenthal","year":"1988","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphotobiol.2006.12.008","article-title":"The effect of the eye\u2019s surface topography on the total irradiance of ultraviolet radiation on the inner canthus","volume":"87","author":"Birt","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Photochem. Photobiol. B."},{"key":"ref_54","first-page":"87","article-title":"Ultraviolet damage to the eye revisited: Eye-sun protection factor (E-SPF\u00ae), a new ultraviolet protection label for eyewear","volume":"8","author":"Bailet","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S22","DOI":"10.2188\/jea.9.6sup_22","article-title":"Geometrical assessment of ocular exposure to environmental UV radiation\u2014Implications for ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":"9","author":"Sliney","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/0039-6257(93)90100-L","article-title":"Basal cell carcinoma of the eyelid and periocular skin","volume":"38","author":"Margo","year":"1993","journal-title":"Surv. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_57","unstructured":"(2010, December 27). Population by Year, by Province and Territory. Available online: http:\/\/www40.statcan.gc.ca\/l01\/cst01\/demo02a-eng.htm."},{"key":"ref_58","unstructured":"(2010, December 27). Canadian Registries Certified in 2009 for 2006 Incidence Data. Available online: http:\/\/www.naaccr.org\/Certification\/CANCert2006."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.2307\/2341622","article-title":"On the Methods of Comparing the Moralities of Two or More Communities, and the Standardization of Death-Rates","volume":"86","author":"Wolfenden","year":"1923","journal-title":"J. R. Stat. Soc."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0258(20000215)19:3<335::AID-SIM336>3.0.CO;2-Z","article-title":"Permutation tests for joinpoint regression with applications to cancer rates","volume":"19","author":"Kim","year":"2000","journal-title":"Stat. Med."},{"key":"ref_61","unstructured":"National Cancer Institute (2010, December 27). Statistical Research and Applications Branch, Joinpoint Regression Program, Available online: https:\/\/surveillance.cancer.gov\/branches\/srab\/."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3670","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.3733","article-title":"Estimating average annual per cent change in trend analysis","volume":"28","author":"Clegg","year":"2009","journal-title":"Stat. Med."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0006-341X.2004.00256.x","article-title":"Comparability of segmented line regression models","volume":"60","author":"Kim","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biometrics"}],"container-title":["Cancers"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6694\/11\/5\/719\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T12:54:51Z","timestamp":1760187291000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6694\/11\/5\/719"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,24]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]}},"alternative-id":["cancers11050719"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cancers11050719","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.735849404.793570483","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2072-6694"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2072-6694","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,24]]}}}