{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T12:59:25Z","timestamp":1784033965911,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,19]],"date-time":"2019-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1576713600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005795","name":"Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CMRPG3H0561"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMRPG3H0561"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005795","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005795","name":"Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CORPG3H0671"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CORPG3H0671"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005795","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001868","name":"National Science Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST1072314B182A142"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST1072314B182A142"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001868","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The elimination of chronic hepatitis C infection (CHC) by pegylated interferon plus ribavirin (Peg-IFN\/RBV) decreases hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence rate. However, the tertiary prevention of HCC recurrence by direct acting antiviral agents (DAA) remains controversial. This study aims to compare the tertiary prevention effect between DAA and Peg-IFN\/RBV in CHC-HCC patients. Three hundred and one patients who received curative HCC treatment were retrospectively recruited. The recurrence incidence rate (IR) was compared among patients either receiving Peg-IFN\/RBV or DAA regimen or untreated by three timeframes (I: from HCC treatment to antiviral therapy; II: during antiviral therapy; III: after antiviral therapy). The prevention effect between Peg-IFN\/RBV and DAA were compared in frame II and III after propensity score matching (PSM) with age, tumor staging, HCC treatment modality, and cirrhotic status. Before PSM, the recurrence IRs in three arms were comparable in frame I, while being lower in the Peg-IFN\/RBV and DAA arm compared to the untreated arm in frame II. In frame III, the tertiary prevention effect lasted in the Peg-IFN\/RBV arm (p &lt; 0.001), but diminished in the DAA arm (p = 0.135) compared to untreated patients. After PSM, the HCC recurrence IR was higher in the DAA arm than the Peg-IFN\/RBV arm in frame II (2724 vs. 666 per 104 person-years, log-rank p = 0.042) and III (5259 vs. 3278 per 104 person-years, log-rank p = 0.048). Preantiviral ALBI grade therapy is the only predictor for postantiviral therapy HCC recurrence. In conclusion, the tertiary prevention effect of HCC recurrence was not durable in DAA-treated patients, but persisted in Peg-IFN\/RBV treatment patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers12010023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,23]],"date-time":"2019-12-23T03:15:01Z","timestamp":1577070901000},"page":"23","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Interferon Is Superior to Direct Acting Antiviral Therapy in Tertiary Prevention of Early Recurrence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Wei","family":"Teng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan"},{"name":"College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen-Juei","family":"Jeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan"},{"name":"College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hwai-I","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan"},{"name":"Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8246-0219","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei-Ting","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan"},{"name":"College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi-Chung","family":"Hsieh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan"},{"name":"College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chien-Hao","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan"},{"name":"College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chen-Chun","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan"},{"name":"College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3007-3190","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chun-Yen","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan"},{"name":"College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shi-Ming","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan"},{"name":"College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I-Shyan","family":"Sheen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan"},{"name":"College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Akinyemiju, T., Abera, S., Ahmed, M., Alam, N., Alemayohu, M.A., Allen, C., Al-Raddadi, R., Alvis-Guzman, N., Amoako, Y., and Artaman, A. 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