{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T17:39:09Z","timestamp":1793209149068,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":210,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,29]],"date-time":"2020-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1580256000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002704","name":"Fundaci\u00f3n Cient\u00edfica Asociaci\u00f3n Espa\u00f1ola Contra el C\u00e1ncer","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PROYE16074BORR"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PROYE16074BORR"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002704","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CD17\/00128"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CD17\/00128"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Health Department, Basque Government","award":["2018222038"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018222038"]}]},{"name":"Jes\u00fas de Gangoiti Barrera Foundation","award":["FJGB18\/002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FJGB18\/002"]}]},{"name":"Department of Education, Basque Government","award":["PRE_2018_1_0032"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PRE_2018_1_0032"]}]},{"name":"Department of Education, Basque Government","award":["PRE_2017_2_0242"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PRE_2017_2_0242"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003989","name":"Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["N\/A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N\/A"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003989","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Natural killer (NK) cells are cytotoxic lymphocytes that are able to kill tumor cells without prior sensitization. It has been shown that NK cells play a pivotal role in a variety of cancers, highlighting their relevance in tumor immunosurveillance. NK cell infiltration has been reported in renal cell carcinoma (RCC), the most frequent kidney cancer in adults, and their presence has been associated with patients\u2019 survival. However, the role of NK cells in this disease is not yet fully understood. In this review, we summarize the biology of NK cells and the mechanisms through which they are able to recognize and kill tumor cells. Furthermore, we discuss the role that NK cells play in renal cell carcinoma, and review current strategies that are being used to boost and exploit their cytotoxic capabilities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers12020316","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,29]],"date-time":"2020-01-29T10:51:07Z","timestamp":1580295067000},"page":"316","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["NK Cell-Based Immunotherapy in Renal Cell Carcinoma"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8099-3916","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"I\u00f1igo","family":"Terr\u00e9n","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunopathology Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9016-3799","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ane","family":"Orrantia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunopathology Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Idoia","family":"Mikelez-Alonso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunopathology Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain"},{"name":"CIC biomaGUNE, 20014 Donostia-San Sebasti\u00e1n, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joana","family":"Vitall\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunopathology Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0869-9034","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olatz","family":"Zenarruzabeitia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunopathology Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisco","family":"Borrego","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunopathology Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain"},{"name":"Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910160205","article-title":"Natural cytotoxic reactivity of mouse lymphoid cells against syngeneic and allogeneic tumors. 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