{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T07:15:14Z","timestamp":1790752514763,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":230,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,28]],"date-time":"2020-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590624000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005010","name":"Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IG2016 Id.19236"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IG2016 Id.19236"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005010","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The B cell receptor (BCR) pathway has been identified as a potential therapeutic target in a number of common B cell malignancies, including chronic lymphocytic leukemia, diffuse large B cell lymphoma, Burkitt lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma, marginal zone B cell lymphoma, and Waldenstrom\u2019s macroglobulinemia. This finding has resulted in the development of numerous drugs that target this pathway, including various inhibitors of the kinases BTK, PI3K, and SYK. Several of these drugs have been approved in recent years for clinical use, resulting in a profound change in the way these diseases are currently being treated. However, the response rates and durability of responses vary largely across the different disease entities, suggesting a different proportion of patients with an activated BCR pathway and different mechanisms of BCR pathway activation. Indeed, several antigen-dependent and antigen-independent mechanisms have recently been described and shown to result in the activation of distinct downstream signaling pathways. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the mechanisms responsible for the activation of the BCR pathway in different B cell malignancies and to correlate these mechanisms with clinical responses to treatment with BCR inhibitors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers12061396","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,29]],"date-time":"2020-05-29T00:44:02Z","timestamp":1590713042000},"page":"1396","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":74,"title":["Mechanisms of B Cell Receptor Activation and Responses to B Cell Receptor Inhibitors in B Cell Malignancies"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9081-5462","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dimitar G.","family":"Efremov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Hematology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 34149 Trieste, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sven","family":"Turkalj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Hematology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 34149 Trieste, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8327-1396","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca","family":"Laurenti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.201504137","article-title":"Dynamics of the actin cytoskeleton mediates receptor cross talk: An emerging concept in tuning receptor signaling","volume":"212","author":"Mattila","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. 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