{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T19:21:36Z","timestamp":1762543296247,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598918400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: some types of cancer have been associated with the presence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of some genes that encode enzymes: glutathione-S transferase (GST), whose alteration leads to loss of function and a lower capacity to eliminate toxic GSTM1 and GSTT1 null genotypes; SNPs causing loss of function of CYP1A1 or CYP1A1\u20132 cytochrome P450 enzymes related with a lower capacity to deactivate hydrocarbons related to smoking, which involves a higher risk of developing some smoking-dependent cancers including larynx cancer. Objective: to compare the presence of null SNPs in genes GSTM1, GSTT1, and CYP1A1 rs 4646903 T&gt;C, and CYP1A1\u20132 RS1048943 A&gt;G in patients with hypopharyngeal and larynx cancer with a healthy control group. Materials and method: The study included a total of 80 patients with hypopharyngeal and laryngeal cancer and 23 healthy subjects. Genomic DNA was obtained from saliva samples, determining genotype GSTM1 (present +, or null \u2212), GSTT1 (present + or null \u2212). Polymorphisms (SNP) in CYP1A1 T&gt;C (present + CC, or absent \u2212 TC\/TT), and CYP1A1\u20132 A&gt;G (present + GG, or absent \u2212 AG\/AA). Results: the mean age of patients with larynx cancer was 62 years and of control subjects 63 years. Of the total sample, over 95% were men, and over 90% were smokers. The presence of null genotypes for GTM1 was 50% in patients with larynx cancer (p = 0.042), while GSTT1 was 88.75% (p = 0.002). CYP1A1 rs4646903 T&gt;C polymorphisms were detected in 100% of cases of larynx cancer and 17.39% of healthy subjects (p &gt; 0.001). Conclusions: patients with larynx cancer present more gene GSTM1 and GSTT1 null polymorphisms, and CYP1A1 rs4646903 T&gt;C polymorphisms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers12092478","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T08:53:43Z","timestamp":1598950423000},"page":"2478","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Genotype of Null Polymorphisms in Genes GSTM1, GSTT1, CYP1A1, and CYP1A1*2A (rs4646903 T&gt;C)\/CYP1A1*2C (rs1048943 A&gt;G) in Patients with Larynx Cancer in Southeast Spain"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Mariano","family":"S\u00e1nchez-Siles","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"In Private Oral Surgery and Medicine Practice, 30001 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan Pablo","family":"Pelegr\u00edn-Hern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, 30005 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diego","family":"Hellin-Meseguer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, 30005 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4228-2355","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yolanda","family":"Guerrero-S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9s","family":"Corno-Caparr\u00f3s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"In Private Genetics Practice, ANCOR Laboratories, 03003 Alicante, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9053-5380","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan","family":"Cabezas-Herrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Therapy and Biomarkers Research Group, Clinical Analysis Service, IMIB, 30005 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2711-8880","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco","family":"Pastor-Quirante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomical Pathology, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan Alberto","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Ruiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"In Private Oral Surgery and Medical Practice, 07800 Ibiza, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alfonso","family":"Aliaga-S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Reina Sofia, 30003 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mayra","family":"Lucero-Berdugo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Medicine, Catholic University of Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3739-1792","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabio","family":"Camacho-Alonso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Surgery, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21492","article-title":"Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries","volume":"68","author":"Bray","year":"2018","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. 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