{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T02:23:34Z","timestamp":1791944614265,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,2]],"date-time":"2020-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1599004800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010669","name":"H2020 LEIT Information and Communication Technologies","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["688592"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["688592"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010669","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003407","name":"Ministero dell\u2019Istruzione, dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 e della Ricerca","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["\"Dipartimenti di Eccellenza ex. L.232\/2016\" to the Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Torino, Italy"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["\"Dipartimenti di Eccellenza ex. L.232\/2016\" to the Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Torino, Italy"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003407","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Aims: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite offering a prime paradigm for screening, CRC screening is often hampered by invasiveness. Endoo is a potentially painless colonoscopy method with an active locomotion tethered capsule offering diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities. Materials and Methods: The Endoo system comprises a soft-tethered capsule, which embeds a permanent magnet controlled by an external robot equipped with a second permanent magnet. Capsule navigation is achieved via closed-loop interaction between the two magnets. Ex-vivo tests were conducted by endoscopy experts and trainees to evaluate the basic key features, usability, and compliance in comparison with conventional colonoscopy (CC) in feasibility and pilot studies. Results: Endoo showed a 100% success rate in operating channel and target approach tests. Progression of the capsule was feasible and repeatable. The magnetic link was lost an average of 1.28 times per complete procedure but was restored in 100% of cases. The peak value of interaction forces was higher in the CC group than the Endoo group (4.12N vs. 1.17N). The cumulative interaction forces over time were higher in the CC group than the Endoo group between the splenic flexure and mid-transverse colon (16.53Ns vs. 1.67Ns, p &lt; 0.001), as well as between the hepatic flexure and cecum (28.77Ns vs. 2.47Ns, p = 0.005). The polyp detection rates were comparable between groups (9.1 \u00b1 0.9% vs. 8.7 \u00b1 0.9%, CC and Endoo respectively, per procedure). Robotic colonoscopies were completed in 67% of the procedures performed with Endoo (53% experts and 100% trainees). Conclusions: Endoo allows smoother navigation than CC and possesses comparable features. Although further research is needed, magnetic capsule colonoscopy demonstrated promising results compared to CC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers12092485","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,2]],"date-time":"2020-09-02T09:29:28Z","timestamp":1599038968000},"page":"2485","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Robotic-Assisted Colonoscopy Platform with a Magnetically-Actuated Soft-Tethered Capsule"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Mauro","family":"Verra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Firrincieli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant\u2019Anna, 56025 Pisa, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Excellence in Robotics &amp; AI, Scuola Superiore Sant\u2019Anna, 56025 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7056-8844","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcello","family":"Chiurazzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant\u2019Anna, 56025 Pisa, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Excellence in Robotics &amp; AI, Scuola Superiore Sant\u2019Anna, 56025 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Mariani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant\u2019Anna, 56025 Pisa, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Excellence in Robotics &amp; AI, Scuola Superiore Sant\u2019Anna, 56025 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giacomo","family":"Lo Secco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edoardo","family":"Forcignan\u00f2","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2248-489X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anastasios","family":"Koulaouzidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endoscopy Unit, The Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arianna","family":"Menciassi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant\u2019Anna, 56025 Pisa, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Excellence in Robotics &amp; AI, Scuola Superiore Sant\u2019Anna, 56025 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Dario","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant\u2019Anna, 56025 Pisa, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Excellence in Robotics &amp; AI, Scuola Superiore Sant\u2019Anna, 56025 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0855-7976","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gastone","family":"Ciuti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant\u2019Anna, 56025 Pisa, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Excellence in Robotics &amp; AI, Scuola Superiore Sant\u2019Anna, 56025 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2110-4082","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alberto","family":"Arezzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21492","article-title":"Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries","volume":"68","author":"Bray","year":"2018","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. 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