{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T23:11:59Z","timestamp":1779923519211,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,11]],"date-time":"2020-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1599782400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"JSPS KAKENHI","award":["20K08820"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20K08820"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Advanced fibrosis\/cirrhosis and related biomarkers have been recognized as useful predictors of the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) following hepatitis C virus (HCV) cure by direct-acting antivirals (DAAs). However, it remains unclear if DAAs themselves have an influence on or facilitate the development of HCC. This multicenter cohort study included CHC patients without a history of HCC who achieved HCV elimination by DAAs. Cohorts of 835 patients treated with a sofosbuvir (SOF)-based regimen and 835 treated with a SOF-free regimen were matched 1:1 by propensity scoring with nine variables to evaluate differences in HCC incidence. The median observation period was 3.5 years. Sixty-nine cases of HCC were found during 5483.9 person-years (PY) over the entire follow-up period. The annual incidence was similar for both groups (SOF-based 1.25 and SOF-free 1.27 per 100 PY, respectively: adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 1.26, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.75\u20132.12, p = 0.39). However, the annual incidence within the first two years was higher for patients treated with SOF than for those without, but did not reach significance (1.50 and 0.97 per 100 PY incidence rates, respectively: adjusted HR 2.05, 95% CI 0.98\u20134.25, p = 0.06). In summary, DAA treatment with SOF was not associated with an increase in the development of de novo HCC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers12092602","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,11]],"date-time":"2020-09-11T09:05:16Z","timestamp":1599815116000},"page":"2602","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Incidence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma after Treatment with Sofosbuvir-Based or Sofosbuvir-Free Regimens in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5082-3967","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eiichi","family":"Ogawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Internal Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka 8128582, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hideyuki","family":"Nomura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Center for Liver Disease, Shin-Kokura Hospital, Kitakyushu 8038505, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Haradoi Hospital, Fukuoka 8138588, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Makoto","family":"Nakamuta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka 8108563, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norihiro","family":"Furusyo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Internal Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka 8128582, Japan"},{"name":"General Internal Medicine, Taihaku Avenue Clinic, Fukuoka 8120039, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eiji","family":"Kajiwara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kajiwara Clinic, Kitakyushu 8050019, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazufumi","family":"Dohmen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Chihaya Hospital, Fukuoka 8138501, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akira","family":"Kawano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Kitakyushu Municipal Medical Center, Kitakyushu 8028561, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aritsune","family":"Ooho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hepatology, Steel Memorial Yawata Hospital, Kitakyushu 8058508, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koichi","family":"Azuma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Kyushu Central Hospital, Fukuoka 8158588, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuhiro","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Hamanomachi Hospital, Fukuoka 8108539, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takeaki","family":"Satoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Liver Disease, National Hospital Organization Kokura Medical Center, Kitakyushu 8028533, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshimasa","family":"Koyanagi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Fukuoka City Hospital, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 8120046, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasunori","family":"Ichiki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, JCHO Kyushu Hospital, Kitakyushu 8068501, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masami","family":"Kuniyoshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Kyushu Rosai Hospital, Kitakyushu 8000296, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kimihiko","family":"Yanagita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Saiseikai Karatsu Hospital, Karatsu 8470852, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiromasa","family":"Amagase","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amagase Clinic, Kitakyushu 8020065, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chie","family":"Morita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Kyushu Railway Memorial Hospital, Kitakyushu 8000031, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rie","family":"Sugimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka 8111395, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masaki","family":"Kato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 8128582, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shinji","family":"Shimoda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 8128582, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Hayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kyushu General Internal Medicine Center, Haradoi Hospital, Fukuoka 8138588, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2017.10.009","article-title":"Direct antiviral agents (DAAs)-A new age in the treatment of hepatitis C virus infection","volume":"183","author":"Spengler","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2019.04.017","article-title":"Sustained virologic response to direct-acting antiviral therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C and hepatocellular carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"71","author":"Ji","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. 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