{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T01:01:22Z","timestamp":1792803682350,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":118,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,4]],"date-time":"2020-10-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601769600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"PhD programme in Biotechnology","award":["Biometec"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Biometec"]}]},{"name":"PON AIM R&amp;I 2014-2020","award":["E66C18001240007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["E66C18001240007"]}]},{"name":"International PhD programme in Neuroscience","award":["PO FSE 2014-2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PO FSE 2014-2020"]}]},{"name":"Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Universit\u00e0 e della Ricerca - PRIN 2017","award":["2017XKWWK9_004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017XKWWK9_004"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0166hxq48","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Advances in functional imaging are supporting neurosurgery and radiotherapy for glioblastoma, which still remains the most aggressive brain tumor with poor prognosis. The typical infiltration pattern of glioblastoma, which impedes a complete surgical resection, is coupled with a high rate of invasiveness and radioresistance, thus further limiting efficient therapy, leading to inevitable and fatal recurrences. Hypoxia is of crucial importance in gliomagenesis and, besides reducing radiotherapy efficacy, also induces cellular and molecular mediators that foster proliferation and invasion. In this review, we aimed at analyzing the biological mechanism of glioblastoma invasiveness and radioresistance in hypoxic niches of glioblastoma. We also discussed the link between hypoxia and radiation-induced radioresistance with activation of SRC proto-oncogene non-receptor tyrosine kinase, prospecting potential strategies to overcome the current limitation in glioblastoma treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers12102860","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,5]],"date-time":"2020-10-05T08:35:57Z","timestamp":1601886957000},"page":"2860","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":60,"title":["The Role of Hypoxia and SRC Tyrosine Kinase in Glioblastoma Invasiveness and Radioresistance"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5820-9160","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Filippo","family":"Torrisi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences (BIOMETEC), Section of Physiology, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5934-3962","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nunzio","family":"Vicario","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences (BIOMETEC), Section of Physiology, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federica M.","family":"Spitale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences (BIOMETEC), Section of Physiology, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0554-6649","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco P.","family":"Cammarata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology, National Research Council, IBFM-CNR, 90015 Cefal\u00f9, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3112-4519","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luigi","family":"Minafra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology, National Research Council, IBFM-CNR, 90015 Cefal\u00f9, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucia","family":"Salvatorelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department G.F. Ingrassia, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria \u201cPoliclinico-Vittorio Emanuele\u201d Anatomic Pathology, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1493-1087","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giorgio","family":"Russo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology, National Research Council, IBFM-CNR, 90015 Cefal\u00f9, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9534-4855","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giacomo","family":"Cuttone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Laboratory of South, National Institute for Nuclear Physics (LNS-INFN), 95125 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0355-0270","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samuel","family":"Valable","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ISTCT\/CERVOxy Group, GIP Cyceron, CEA, CNRS, Normandie Universit\u00e9, UNICAEN, 14074 Caen, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8067-697X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosario","family":"Gulino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences (BIOMETEC), Section of Physiology, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaetano","family":"Magro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department G.F. 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