{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T01:44:26Z","timestamp":1790819066854,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,6]],"date-time":"2020-11-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604620800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>(1) Background: Previous reports have indicated that cancers of the stomach, lung, and pancreas can be detected by dog sniffing, but results have been varied. Here, a highly trained dog was used to determine whether urine from patients with cervical premalignant lesions and malignant tumors have a cancer-specific scent. (2) Methods: A total of 195 urine samples were collected from patients with cervical cancer, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 (CIN3), benign uterine diseases, and healthy volunteers. Each test was performed using one urine sample from a cancer patient and four samples from different controls. Each of the five urine samples was placed in a separate box. When the cancer sniffing dog stopped and sat in front of the box with a sample from a cancer patient, the test was considered as positive. (3) Results: 83 patients with cervical cancer (34 cases of cervical cancer and 49 cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3), 49 patients with uterine benign diseases, and 63 healthy volunteers were enrolled, and their urine samples were collected. In 83 times out of 83 runs in a double-blind test, the trained dog could correctly identify urine samples of cervical cancer patients. (4) Conclusion: A trained dog could accurately distinguish the urine of all patients with cervical cancer or CIN3, regardless of the degree of cancer progression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers12113291","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,6]],"date-time":"2020-11-06T09:09:30Z","timestamp":1604653770000},"page":"3291","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["The Trained Sniffer Dog Could Accurately Detect the Urine Samples from the Patients with Cervical Cancer, and Even Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia Grade 3: A Pilot Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9158-4897","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Akihito","family":"Yamamoto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seiryu","family":"Kamoi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keisuke","family":"Kurose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie","family":"Ito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshiyuki","family":"Takeshita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9536-9438","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shoko","family":"Kure","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Integrative Oncological Pathology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8602, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katsuichi","family":"Sakamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology, Jizankai Medical Foundation Tsuboi Cancer Center Hospital, Fukushima 963-0197, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuji","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Sniffing Dog Training Center, St. Sugar Japan, Chiba 294-0226, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masao","family":"Miyashita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8602, Japan"},{"name":"Twin Peaks Laboratory of Medicine (TPLM), Twin peaks Laboratory of Medicine, Yamagata 999-4331, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.3322\/canjclin.52.6.342","article-title":"American Cancer Society Guideline for the Early Detection of Cervical Neoplasia and Cancer","volume":"52","author":"Saslow","year":"2002","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. 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