{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T04:15:47Z","timestamp":1789791347967,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,20]],"date-time":"2021-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1616198400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Medical University of Lublin, Poland","award":["DS460"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DS460"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Eyelid tumors are rare skin cancers, the most common of which is basal cell carcinoma characterized primarily by local growth. In addition to surgery, radiotherapy is among the basic methods of treatment. External beam radiotherapy is associated with the risk of complications within ocular structures, especially the lens. In the case of interstitial brachytherapy, it is possible to administer a high dose to the clinical target volume (CTV), while reducing it in the most sensitive structures. Methods: This paper presents the results of an analysis of 28 patients treated with interstitial high dose rate (HDR) brachytherapy for skin cancers of the upper and lower eyelid; medial and lateral canthus; and the cheek, nose and temples with the infiltration of ocular structures. The patients were treated according to two irradiation schedules: 49 Gy in 14 fractions of 3.5 Gy twice a day for 7 days of treatment, and 45 Gy in 5 Gy fractions twice a day for 5 days. The mean follow-up was 22 months (3\u201349 months). Results: two patients (6%) had a relapse: a local recurrence within the irradiated area in one of them, and metastases to lymph nodes in the other. The most common early complication was conjunctivitis (74%), and the most common late complication was dry eye syndrome (59%). Conclusions: Interstitial HDR brachytherapy for skin cancers of the upper and lower eyelid; medial and lateral cants; and the cheek, nose and temples with infiltration of ocular structures is a highly effective, short and relatively low burden type of treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13061425","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,21]],"date-time":"2021-03-21T22:00:37Z","timestamp":1616364037000},"page":"1425","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Interstitial HDR Brachytherapy in the Treatment of Non-Melanocytic Skin Cancers around the Eye"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Pawe\u0142","family":"Cisek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Brachytherapy, St. John\u2019s Cancer Center, 20-090 Lublin, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Radiotherapy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dariusz","family":"Kieszko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Brachytherapy, St. John\u2019s Cancer Center, 20-090 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4962-3028","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mateusz","family":"Bilski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiotherapy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Radiotherapy, St. John\u2019s Cancer Center, 20-090 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Radomir","family":"D\u0119bicki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Brachytherapy, St. John\u2019s Cancer Center, 20-090 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0451-4741","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ewelina","family":"Grywalska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Immunology and Immunotherapy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Immunology, St. John\u2019s Cancer Center, 20-090 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0688-6928","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafa\u0142","family":"Hrynkiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biology, University of Szczecin, Felczaka 3c, 71-412 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3689-2381","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dominika","family":"B\u0119bnowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biology, University of Szczecin, Felczaka 3c, 71-412 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Izabela","family":"Kordzi\u0144ska-Cisek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"I Department of Clinical Oncology, St. John\u2019s Cancer Center, 20-090 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Roli\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Psychology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4065-3842","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulina","family":"Nied\u017awiedzka-Rystwej","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Immunology, St. John\u2019s Cancer Center, 20-090 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ludmi\u0142a","family":"Grzybowska-Szatkowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiotherapy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Radiotherapy, St. John\u2019s Cancer Center, 20-090 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.5114\/jcb.2015.56465","article-title":"Brachytherapy in Non Melanoma Skin Cancer of Eyelid: A Systematic Review","volume":"7","author":"Frakulli","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. 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