{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:35:21Z","timestamp":1787027721681,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":94,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617235200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30 CA008748"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30 CA008748"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Technological advances have enabled well tolerated and effective radiation treatment for small liver metastases. Stereotactic ablative radiation therapy (SABR) refers to ablative dose delivery (&gt;100 Gy BED) in five fractions or fewer. For larger tumors, the safe delivery of SABR can be challenging due to a more limited volume of healthy normal liver parenchyma and the proximity of the tumor to radiosensitive organs such as the stomach, duodenum, and large intestine. In addition to stereotactic treatment delivery, controlling respiratory motion, the use of image guidance, adaptive planning and increasing the number of radiation fractions are sometimes necessary for the safe delivery of SABR in these situations. Magnetic Resonance (MR) image-guided adaptive radiation therapy (MRgART) is a new and rapidly evolving treatment paradigm. MR imaging before, during and after treatment delivery facilitates direct visualization of both the tumor target and the adjacent normal healthy organs as well as potential intrafraction motion. Real time MR imaging facilitates non-invasive tumor tracking and treatment gating. While daily adaptive re-planning permits treatment plans to be adjusted based on the anatomy of the day. MRgART therapy is a promising radiation technology advance that can overcome many of the challenges of liver SABR and may facilitate the safe tumor dose escalation of colorectal liver metastases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13071636","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T07:23:17Z","timestamp":1617261797000},"page":"1636","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Guided Adaptive Radiotherapy for Colorectal Liver Metastases"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8268-2903","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul B.","family":"Romesser","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA"},{"name":"Early Drug Development Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neelam","family":"Tyagi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher H.","family":"Crane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clon.2015.01.032","article-title":"Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Liver Metastases","volume":"27","author":"Aitken","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. 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