{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T19:56:53Z","timestamp":1770235013744,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,25]],"date-time":"2021-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619308800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI16\/00280"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI16\/00280"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI19\/00560"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI19\/00560"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI19\/00098"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI19\/00098"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014139","name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de C\u00e1ncer","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CB16\/12\/00390"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CB16\/12\/00390"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014139","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014139","name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de C\u00e1ncer","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CB16\/12\/00443"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CB16\/12\/00443"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014139","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011941","name":"Gobierno del Principado de Asturias","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IDI2018\/155"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IDI2018\/155"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011941","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001238","name":"Merck Company Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["17-CC-008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17-CC-008"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001238","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Our goal was to assess the correlation of immune parameters with the response to induction chemotherapy (ICT) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients. Pretreatment biopsies from 64 patients with HNSCC that received ICT were assessed for PD-L1 protein expression and density of CD8+ and FOXP3+ tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL). In addition, the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was calculated from pretreatment whole blood counts. In total, 55% of cases exhibited PD-L1 combined proportion score (CPS) positivity (\u22651% stained cells). PD-L1 CPS positivity correlated with a high density of both CD8+ (p = 0.01) and FOXP3+ (p &lt; 0.001) TILs. There was no correlation between PD-L1 expression or TIL density and NLR values. In univariate analyses, the absence of PD-L1 CPS expression (p = 0.042) and a high NLR (p = 0.034) were significantly correlated with response to ICT. Neither CD8+ TIL (p = 0.99) nor FOXP3+ TIL densities (p = 0.71) were associated with response to ICT. In multivariate analysis, only a high NLR was associated with response to ICT (HR = 4.06, 95% CI = 1.06\u201315.5, p = 0.04). In addition, a high NLR was also independently associated with lower disease-specific (p = 0.03) and overall survival rates (p = 0.04), particularly in the subset of patients who received definitive surgical treatment. These results suggest that NLR could emerge as a predictive biomarker of response to ICT.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13092079","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,25]],"date-time":"2021-04-25T22:31:39Z","timestamp":1619389899000},"page":"2079","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Immune Cell Infiltrates and Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Relation to Response to Chemotherapy and Prognosis in Laryngeal and Hypopharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinomas"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0343-0041","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mario","family":"S\u00e1nchez-Canteli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto Universitario de Oncolog\u00eda del Principado de Asturias, University of Oviedo, 33003 Oviedo, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luis","family":"Juesas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto Universitario de Oncolog\u00eda del Principado de Asturias, University of Oviedo, 33003 Oviedo, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Esther","family":"Redin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ciber de C\u00e1ncer, CIBERONC, 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Physiology, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain"},{"name":"Navarra\u2019s Health Research Institute (IDISNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alfonso","family":"Calvo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ciber de C\u00e1ncer, CIBERONC, 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Physiology, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain"},{"name":"Navarra\u2019s Health Research Institute (IDISNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7019-9746","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernando","family":"L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto Universitario de Oncolog\u00eda del Principado de Asturias, University of Oviedo, 33003 Oviedo, Spain"},{"name":"Ciber de C\u00e1ncer, CIBERONC, 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aurora","family":"Astudillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tumor Biobank of Principado de Asturias, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8739-1387","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis M.","family":"Montuenga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ciber de C\u00e1ncer, CIBERONC, 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Physiology, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain"},{"name":"Navarra\u2019s Health Research Institute (IDISNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5891-9488","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juana M.","family":"Garc\u00eda-Pedrero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto Universitario de Oncolog\u00eda del Principado de Asturias, University of Oviedo, 33003 Oviedo, Spain"},{"name":"Ciber de C\u00e1ncer, CIBERONC, 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3063-0890","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan P.","family":"Rodrigo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto Universitario de Oncolog\u00eda del Principado de Asturias, University of Oviedo, 33003 Oviedo, Spain"},{"name":"Ciber de C\u00e1ncer, CIBERONC, 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1715715","article-title":"Head and Neck Cancer","volume":"382","author":"Laura","year":"2020","journal-title":"N. 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