{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T14:31:29Z","timestamp":1790778689540,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,13]],"date-time":"2021-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007397","name":"Univerzita Karlova v Praze","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UNCE 204065"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UNCE 204065"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007397","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007397","name":"Univerzita Karlova v Praze","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PROGRES Q28\/LF1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PROGRES Q28\/LF1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007397","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Czech Health research Council","award":["NV19-03-00023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NV19-03-00023"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: To prospectively assess LLL incidence among cervical cancer patients treated by uterine surgery complemented by SLN biopsy, without PLND. Methods: A prospective study in 150 patients with stage IA1\u2013IB2 cervical cancer treated by uterine surgery with bilateral SLN biopsy. Objective LLL assessments, based on limb volume increase (LVI) between pre- and postoperative measurements, and subjective patient-perceived swelling were conducted in six-month periods over 24-months post-surgery. Results: The cumulative incidence of LLL at 24 months was 17.3% for mild LLL (LVI 10\u201319%), 9.2% for moderate LLL (LVI 20\u201339%), while only one patient (0.7%) developed severe LLL (LVI &gt; 40%). The median interval to LLL onset was nine months. Transient edema resolving without intervention within six months was reported in an additional 22% of patients. Subjective LLL was reported by 10.7% of patients, though only a weak and partial correlation between subjective-report and objective-LVI was found. No risk factor directly related to LLL development was identified. Conclusions: The replacement of standard PLND by bilateral SLN biopsy in the surgical treatment of cervical cancer does not eliminate the risk of mild to moderate LLL, which develops irrespective of the number of SLN removed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13102360","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,14]],"date-time":"2021-05-14T03:28:36Z","timestamp":1620962916000},"page":"2360","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Lower-Limb Lymphedema after Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Cervical Cancer Patients"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6387-9356","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Cibula","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Gynecologic Oncology Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, 12000 Prague, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martina","family":"Bor\u010dinov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gynecologic Oncology Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, 12000 Prague, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simone","family":"Marnitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Special Operative and Oncologic Gynaecology, Asklepios-Clinic Hamburg, 22763 Hamburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ji\u0159\u00ed","family":"Jarkovsk\u00fd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Data Analysis Department, Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaroslav","family":"Kl\u00e1t","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Ostrava, 70800 Ostrava Poruba, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Radovan","family":"Pilka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, University Hospital Olomouc, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4700-9507","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aureli","family":"Torn\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Gynecological Oncology, Institute Clinic of Gynaecology, Obstetrics, and Neonatology, Hospital Clinic-Institut d\u2019Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9175-7767","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ignacio","family":"Zapardiel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gynecologic Oncology Unit, La Paz University Hospital, 28046 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Almerinda","family":"Petiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servi\u00e7o de Ginecologia, Instituto Portugues de Oncologia do Porto, 1099-023 Porto, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Lay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynaecology, Institute of Oncology Angel H Roffo University of Bueno s Aires, Buenos Aires C1417 DTB, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2622-2181","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Borek","family":"Sehnal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Bulovka, Charles University, 18081 Prague, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0613-2261","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jordi","family":"Ponce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology, Biomedical Research Institute of Bellvitge (IDIBELL), University Hospital of Bellvitge, University of Barcelona, 08908 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3826-5675","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michal","family":"Felsinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 60177 Brno, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Octavio","family":"Arencibia-S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Gynecologic Oncology, University Hospital of the Canary Islands, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Ka\u0161\u010d\u00e1k","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty Hospital Trencin, 911 71 Trencin, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kamil","family":"Zalewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Holycross Cancer Center, 25-734 Kielce, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7632-4069","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiri","family":"Presl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Pilsen, University Hospital in Pilsen and Charles University, 30460 Pilsen, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2552-0275","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alicia","family":"Palop-Moscard\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gynecology Department, Instituto Valenciano de Oncologia (IVO), 46009 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Solveig","family":"Tingulstad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Trondheim University Hospital, 7030 Trondheim, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ignace","family":"Vergote","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Leuven Cancer Institute, University Hospital Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mikul\u00e1\u0161","family":"Redecha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital, Comenius University, 814 99 Bratislava, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Filip","family":"Fr\u00fchauf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gynecologic Oncology Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, 12000 Prague, Czech 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