{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T14:51:53Z","timestamp":1780930313018,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,14]],"date-time":"2021-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620950400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cognitive deficits are common in glioma patients following multimodality therapy, but the relative impact of different types and locations of treatment-related brain damage and recurrent tumors on cognition is not well understood. In 121 WHO Grade III\/IV glioma patients, structural MRI, O-(2-[18F]fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine FET-PET, and neuropsychological testing were performed at a median interval of 14 months (range, 1\u2013214 months) after therapy initiation. Resection cavities, T1-enhancing lesions, T2\/FLAIR hyperintensities, and FET-PET positive tumor sites were semi-automatically segmented and elastically registered to a normative, resting state (RS) fMRI-based functional cortical network atlas and to the JHU atlas of white matter (WM) tracts, and their influence on cognitive test scores relative to a cohort of matched healthy subjects was assessed. T2\/FLAIR hyperintensities presumably caused by radiation therapy covered more extensive brain areas than the other lesion types and significantly impaired cognitive performance in many domains when affecting left-hemispheric RS-nodes and WM-tracts as opposed to brain tissue damage caused by resection or recurrent tumors. Verbal episodic memory proved to be especially vulnerable to T2\/FLAIR abnormalities affecting the nodes and tracts of the left temporal lobe. In order to improve radiotherapy planning, publicly available brain atlases, in conjunction with elastic registration techniques, should be used, similar to neuronavigation in neurosurgery.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13102373","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,14]],"date-time":"2021-05-14T10:54:22Z","timestamp":1620989662000},"page":"2373","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Lesion-Function Analysis from Multimodal Imaging and Normative Brain Atlases for Prediction of Cognitive Deficits in Glioma Patients"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5674-9227","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"Kocher","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-4), Research Center Juelich, 52428 Juelich, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Stereotaxy and Functional Neurosurgery, Center for Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany"},{"name":"Center of Integrated Oncology (CIO), Universities of Aachen, Bonn, Cologne and Duesseldorf, 50937 Cologne, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christiane","family":"Jockwitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Center Juelich, 52428 Juelich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5360-046X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philipp","family":"Lohmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-4), Research Center Juelich, 52428 Juelich, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Stereotaxy and Functional Neurosurgery, Center for Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany"},{"name":"Center of Integrated Oncology (CIO), Universities of Aachen, Bonn, Cologne and Duesseldorf, 50937 Cologne, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriele","family":"Stoffels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-4), Research Center Juelich, 52428 Juelich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Filss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-4), Research Center Juelich, 52428 Juelich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7212-6521","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Felix M.","family":"Mottaghy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maximilian I.","family":"Ruge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Stereotaxy and Functional Neurosurgery, Center for Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany"},{"name":"Center of Integrated Oncology (CIO), Universities of Aachen, Bonn, Cologne and Duesseldorf, 50937 Cologne, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6463-0034","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carolin","family":"Weiss Lucas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Integrated Oncology (CIO), Universities of Aachen, Bonn, Cologne and Duesseldorf, 50937 Cologne, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roland","family":"Goldbrunner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Integrated Oncology (CIO), Universities of Aachen, Bonn, Cologne and Duesseldorf, 50937 Cologne, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8151-6169","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nadim J.","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-4), Research Center Juelich, 52428 Juelich, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany"},{"name":"Juelich-Aachen Research Alliance (JARA)\u2013Section JARA-Brain, 52428 Juelich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gereon R.","family":"Fink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Integrated Oncology (CIO), Universities of Aachen, Bonn, Cologne and Duesseldorf, 50937 Cologne, Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Research Center Juelich, 52428 Juelich, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norbert","family":"Galldiks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Integrated Oncology (CIO), Universities of Aachen, Bonn, Cologne and Duesseldorf, 50937 Cologne, Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Research Center Juelich, 52428 Juelich, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1101-5075","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karl-Josef","family":"Langen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-4), Research Center Juelich, 52428 Juelich, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Svenja","family":"Caspers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Center Juelich, 52428 Juelich, Germany"},{"name":"Institute for Anatomy I, Medical Faculty &amp; University Hospital D\u00fcsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, 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