{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:35:44Z","timestamp":1787027744831,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,20]],"date-time":"2021-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626739200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Italian Health Ministry","award":["RC 18\/19"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RC 18\/19"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecologic malignancy arising from the endometrium. Identification of serum biomarkers could be beneficial for its early diagnosis. We have used 2D-Difference In Gel Electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) coupled with Mass Spectrometry (MS) procedures to investigate the serum proteome of 15 patients with endometrial cancer and 15 non-cancer subjects. We have identified 16 proteins with diagnostic potential, considering only spots with a fold change in %V \u2265 1.5 or \u22640.6 in intensity, which were statistically significant (p &lt; 0.05). Western blotting data analysis confirmed the upregulation of CLU, ITIH4, SERPINC1, and C1RL in endometrial and exosome cancer sera compared to those of control subjects. The application of the logistic regression constructed based on the abundance of these four proteins separated the controls from the cancers with excellent levels of sensitivity and specificity. After a validation phase, our findings support the potential of using the proposed algorithm as a diagnostic tool in the clinical stage.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13143639","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,20]],"date-time":"2021-07-20T11:26:10Z","timestamp":1626780370000},"page":"3639","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Two Dimensional-Difference in Gel Electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) Proteomic Approach for the Identification of Biomarkers in Endometrial Cancer Serum"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Blendi","family":"Ura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefania","family":"Biffi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7774-548X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Monasta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4103-2733","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giorgio","family":"Arrigoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy"},{"name":"Proteomics Center, University of Padova and Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy"},{"name":"CRIBI Biotechnology Center, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilaria","family":"Battisti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy"},{"name":"Proteomics Center, University of Padova and Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8845-1206","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giovanni","family":"Di Lorenzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2157-8330","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Federico","family":"Romano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelangelo","family":"Aloisio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9760-8463","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fulvio","family":"Celsi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Riccardo","family":"Addobbati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5793-7206","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Valle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consorzio Sistemi a Grande Interfase, Department of Chemistry, University of Firenze, 50019 Firenze, Italy"},{"name":"Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati (CNRISMN), 40129 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enrico","family":"Rampazzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry \u201cGiacomo Ciamician\u201d, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7244-4389","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Brucale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consorzio Sistemi a Grande Interfase, Department of Chemistry, University of Firenze, 50019 Firenze, Italy"},{"name":"Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati (CNRISMN), 40129 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4224-9333","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Ridolfi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consorzio Sistemi a Grande Interfase, Department of Chemistry, University of Firenze, 50019 Firenze, Italy"},{"name":"Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati (CNRISMN), 40129 Bologna, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Chemistry, University of Firenze, 50019 Firenze, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danilo","family":"Licastro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ARGO Laboratorio Genomica ed Epigenomica, AREA Science Park, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8031-1102","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Ricci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, 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