{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T16:39:23Z","timestamp":1790959163332,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":121,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,7]],"date-time":"2021-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628294400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CA217989"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CA217989"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CA257452"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CA257452"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CA254033"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CA254033"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Nearly half of cancer patients suffer from cachexia, a metabolic syndrome characterized by progressive atrophy of fat and lean body mass. This state of excess catabolism decreases quality of life, ability to tolerate treatment and eventual survival, yet no effective therapies exist. Although the central nervous system (CNS) orchestrates several manifestations of cachexia, the precise mechanisms of neural dysfunction during cachexia are still being unveiled. Herein, we summarize the cellular and molecular mechanisms of CNS dysfunction during cancer cachexia with a focus on inflammatory, autonomic and neuroendocrine processes and end with a discussion of recently identified CNS mediators of cachexia, including GDF15, LCN2 and INSL3.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13163990","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,8]],"date-time":"2021-08-08T21:49:41Z","timestamp":1628459381000},"page":"3990","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Neural Mechanisms of Cancer Cachexia"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2803-5363","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brennan","family":"Olson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Scientist Training Program, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR 97239, USA"},{"name":"Pap\u00e9 Family Pediatric Research Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR 97239, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1014-510X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Parham","family":"Diba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Scientist Training Program, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR 97239, USA"},{"name":"Pap\u00e9 Family Pediatric Research Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR 97239, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5871-2778","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tetiana","family":"Korzun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Scientist Training Program, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR 97239, USA"},{"name":"Pap\u00e9 Family Pediatric Research Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR 97239, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2675-7047","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel L.","family":"Marks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pap\u00e9 Family Pediatric Research Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR 97239, USA"},{"name":"Brenden-Colson Center for Pancreatic Care, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR 97239, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1429","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12630","article-title":"Diverging metabolic programmes and behaviours during states of starvation, protein malnutrition, and cachexia","volume":"11","author":"Olson","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. 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