{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T07:08:44Z","timestamp":1788419324002,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,22]],"date-time":"2021-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629590400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Resection of jugular foramen schwannomas (JFSs) with minimal cranial nerve (CN) injury remains difficult. Reoperations in this vital region are associated with severe CN deficits. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis at a tertiary neurosurgical center of patients who underwent surgery for JFSs between June 2007 and May 2020. We included nine patients (median age 60 years, 77.8% female, 22.2% male). Preoperative symptoms included hearing loss (66.6%), headache (44.4%), hoarseness (33.3%), dysphagia (44.4%), hypoglossal nerve palsy (22.2%), facial nerve palsy (33.3%), extinguished gag reflex (22.2%), and cerebellar dysfunction (44.4%). We observed Type A, B, C, and D tumors in 3, 1, 1, and 4 patients, respectively. A total of 77.8% (7\/9) underwent a retrosigmoid approach, and 33.3% (3\/9) underwent an extreme lateral infrajugular transcondylar (ELITE) approach. Gross total resection (GTR) was achieved in all cases. The rate of shunt-dependent hydrocephalus was 22.2% (2\/9). No further complications requiring surgical intervention occurred during follow-up. The median follow-up time was 16.5 months (range 3\u201384 months). Conclusions: Considering the satisfying outcome, the GTR of JFSs is feasible in performing well-known skull base approaches. Additional invasive and complicated approaches were not needed. Radiosurgery may be an effective alternative for selected patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13164218","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,22]],"date-time":"2021-08-22T21:42:12Z","timestamp":1629668532000},"page":"4218","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Surgical Management of Jugular Foramen Schwannomas"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8897-2220","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amir Kaywan","family":"Aftahy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, 80333 Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maximilian","family":"Groll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, 80333 Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8734-9309","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melanie","family":"Barz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, 80333 Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5231-9097","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Denise","family":"Bernhardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, 80333 Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie E.","family":"Combs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, 80333 Munich, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Radiation Sciences (DRS), Institute of Radiation Medicine (IRM), Helmholtz Zentrum M\u00fcnchen (HMGU), Ingolst\u00e4dter Landstra\u00dfe Ingolst\u00e4dter Landstra\u00dfe 1, 85764 Oberschlei\u00dfheim, Germany"},{"name":"Deutsches Konsortium f\u00fcr Translationale Krebsforschung (DKTK), Partner Sites Munich, 80333 Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6486-7955","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bernhard","family":"Meyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, 80333 Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2997-969X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chiara","family":"Negwer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, 80333 Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4123-4690","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jens","family":"Gempt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, 80333 Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2015.10.042","article-title":"A Single-Institution Retrospective Study of Jugular Foramen Schwannoma Management: Radical Resection Versus Subtotal Intracranial Resection Through a Retrosigmoid Suboccipital Approach Followed by Radiosurgery","volume":"88","author":"Park","year":"2016","journal-title":"World Neurosurg."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1995.82.6.0924","article-title":"Surgical treatment of jugular foramen schwannomas","volume":"82","author":"Samii","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. 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