{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T00:30:00Z","timestamp":1792197000542,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,25]],"date-time":"2021-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629849600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004329","name":"Javna Agencija za Raziskovalno Dejavnost RS","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P3-0003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P3-0003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004329","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is an effective locoregional therapy for cutaneous melanoma metastases and has been safely combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors in preliminary experiences. Since ECT is known to induce immunogenic cell death, its combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors might be beneficial. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effectiveness of ECT on cutaneous melanoma metastases in combination with pembrolizumab. We undertook a retrospective matched cohort analysis of stage IIIC\u2013IV melanoma patients, included in the International Network for sharing practices of ECT (InspECT) and the Slovenian Cancer Registry. We compared the outcome of patients who received the following treatments: (a) pembrolizumab alone, (b) pembrolizumab plus ECT, and (c) ECT. The groups were matched for age, sex, performance status, and size of skin metastases. The local objective response rate (ORR) was higher in the pembrolizumab-ECT group than in the pembrolizumab group (78% and 39%, p &lt; 0.001). The 1 year local progression-free survival (LPFS) rates were 86% and 51% (p &lt; 0.001), and the 1 year systemic PFS rates were 64% and 39%, respectively (p = 0.034). The 1 year overall survival (OS) rates were 88% and 64%, respectively (p = 0.006). Our results suggest that skin-directed therapy with ECT improves superficial tumor control in melanoma patients treated with pembrolizumab. Interestingly, we observed longer PFS and OS in the pembrolizumab-ECT group than in the pembrolizumab group. These findings warrant prospective confirmation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13174289","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,26]],"date-time":"2021-08-26T00:19:26Z","timestamp":1629937166000},"page":"4289","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":64,"title":["Combination of Pembrolizumab with Electrochemotherapy in Cutaneous Metastases from Melanoma: A Comparative Retrospective Study from the InspECT and Slovenian Cancer Registry"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8466-8459","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca G.","family":"Campana","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester M20 4BX, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Peric","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matteo","family":"Mascherini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinica Chirurgica 1, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, University of Genova, 16100 Genova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Romina","family":"Spina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Soft-Tissue, Peritoneum and Melanoma Surgical Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua Veneto Institute of Oncology, 35121 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Kunte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich, 80539 Munich, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Dermatologic Surgery and Dermatology, Artemed Fachklinik Munich, 81379 Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8305-7656","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erika","family":"Kis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petra","family":"Rozsa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pietro","family":"Quaglino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatologic Clinic, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin Medical School, 10124 Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rowan Pritchard","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plastic Reconstructive Surgery, University of Liverpool, St. Helens & Knowsley Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool L35 5DR, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1309-837X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A. James P.","family":"Clover","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plastic Reconstructive Surgery, Cork University Hospital and South Infirmary Victoria University Hospital and Plastic Surgery University College Cork, T12 DC4A Cork, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pietro","family":"Curatolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Policlinico Umberto I, University La Sapienza, 00185 Roma, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Giorgione","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatologic Clinic of University of Eastern Piedmont, 28100 Novara, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1418-1928","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maja","family":"Cemazar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"},{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Primorska, 6310 Izola, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2676-4549","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesca de","family":"Terlizzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IGEA S.p.A., Clinical Biophysics Laboratory Carpi, 41012 Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7288-6582","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masa","family":"Bosnjak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"},{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Askerceva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7641-5670","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gregor","family":"Sersa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"},{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2015.08.038","article-title":"Releasing the Brakes on Cancer Immunotherapy","volume":"162","author":"Littman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4297","DOI":"10.2147\/CMAR.S151023","article-title":"Clinical Utility of Pembrolizumab in the Management of Advanced Solid Tumors: An Evidence-Based Review on the Emerging New Data","volume":"11","author":"Robert","year":"2019","journal-title":"CMAR"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.6004\/jnccn.2016.0180","article-title":"Major Changes in Systemic Therapy for Advanced Melanoma","volume":"14","author":"Thompson","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. 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