{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T14:52:20Z","timestamp":1788274340368,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":173,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,23]],"date-time":"2021-10-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1634947200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001081","name":"Hunter Medical Research Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["G1701561"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["G1701561"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001081","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Since their introduction several years ago, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (PARPi) have become the standard of care for breast and gynaecological cancers with BRCA gene mutations. Given that PARPi act by exploiting defective DNA repair mechanisms within tumour cells, they should be ideally suited to combatting haematological malignancies where these pathways are notoriously defective, even though BRCA mutations are rare. To date, despite promising results in vitro, few clinical trials in humans for haematological malignancies have been performed, and additional investigation is required. Paradoxically, secondary haematological malignancies have arisen in patients after treatment with PARPi, raising concerns about their potential use as therapies for any blood or bone marrow-related disorders. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of the biological, pre-clinical, and clinical evidence for and against treating individual haematological malignancies with approved and experimental PARPi. We conclude that the promise of effective treatment still exists, but remains limited by the lack of investigation into useful biomarkers unique to these malignancies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13215328","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,24]],"date-time":"2021-10-24T22:06:16Z","timestamp":1635113176000},"page":"5328","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["PARP Inhibitors and Haematological Malignancies\u2014Friend or Foe?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9230-3417","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kathryn A.","family":"Skelding","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Cell Biology Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia"},{"name":"Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1612-2382","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lisa F.","family":"Lincz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Cell Biology Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia"},{"name":"Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia"},{"name":"Hunter Haematology Research Group, Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital, Waratah, NSW 2298, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10762","article-title":"Clonal evolution in cancer","volume":"481","author":"Greaves","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2179","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-16-1553","article-title":"Genomic Instability in Cancer: Teetering on the Limit of Tolerance","volume":"77","author":"Andor","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alhmoud, J.F., Mustafa, A.G., and Malki, M.I. 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