{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T13:24:05Z","timestamp":1783949045567,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,23]],"date-time":"2022-01-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642896000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the effect of oral contraceptives (OCs) on risk of breast cancer (BrCa) by status of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). We searched the MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase and the Cochrane Library database and bibliographies of pertinent articles published up to 2020. Therein, we identified nineteen eligible case-control studies which provided data by breast cancer subtypes: ER-positive (ER+), ER-negative (ER\u2212), HER2-positive (HER2+) and Triplet-negative (TN). Summary risk estimates (pooled OR [pOR]) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using fixed\/random effects models. The summary meta-analysis showed that over-use of OCs led to significant increased risk of TNBrCa (OR = 1.37, 95% CI; 1.13 to 1.67, p = 0.002), as well as of ER\u2212BrCa (OR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.03 to 1.40, p = 0.019). There was also a significant reduction in the risk of ER+BrCa (OR = O.92, 95% CI: 0.86 to 0.99, p = 0.026,) and a slight reduction in the risk of HER2+BrCa (OR = 0.95, 95% CI; 0.79 to 1.14, p = 0.561) after taking OCs. Meta-analysis indicated that OC use has different impacts on risk of breast cancer subtypes defined by receptor status. The identified differences between individual subtypes of breast cancer may reflect different mechanisms of carcinogenesis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14030574","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,23]],"date-time":"2022-01-23T20:32:52Z","timestamp":1642969972000},"page":"574","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Oral Contraceptive Use and Breast Cancer Risk According to Molecular Subtypes Status: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Case-Control Studies"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4864-0184","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Bara\u0144ska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Informatics and Statistics with E-Learning Lab, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4206-4371","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joanna","family":"Dolar-Szczasny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General and Pediatric Ophtalmology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-070 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wies\u0142aw","family":"Kanadys","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Specialistic Medical Center Czechow, 20-848 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wiktoria","family":"Kinik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Science Popularization Centre, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dorota","family":"Ceglarska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Subunit, Primary Health Care Center Provita, 20-093 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Urszula","family":"Religioni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education of Warsaw, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland"},{"name":"National Institute of Public Health-National Institute of Hygiene, Warsaw School of Economics, 02-554 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Rejdak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General and Pediatric Ophtalmology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-070 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21660","article-title":"Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries","volume":"71","author":"Sung","year":"2021","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. 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