{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T18:21:54Z","timestamp":1787509314885,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,24]],"date-time":"2022-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645660800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The expression patterns of stimulator of interferon genes (STING) were investigated in a cohort of 158 T- and natural killer (NK)-cell and 265 B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs), as well as in control reactive lymph nodes and tonsils. STING expression was assessed by immunohistochemical methods using diagnostic biopsy specimens obtained prior to treatment. Using an arbitrary 10% cutoff, STING was differentially expressed among T\/NK-cell NHLs; positive in 36 out of 38 (95%) cases of ALK+ anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL), 23 out of 37 (62%) ALK-ALCLs, 1 out of 13 (7.7%) angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphomas, 15 out of 19 (79%) peripheral T-cell lymphomas, not otherwise specified, 20 out of 36 (56%) extranodal NK\/T-cell lymphomas of nasal type, 6 out of 7 (86%) T-cell lymphoblastic lymphomas, and 3 out of 4 (75%) mycosis fungoides. STING expression did not correlate with clinicopathological parameters or outcome in these patients with T\/NK-cell lymphoma. By contrast, all 265 B-cell NHLs of various types were STING-negative. In addition, STING mRNA levels were very high in 6 out of 7 T-cell NHL cell lines, namely, ALK+ and ALK-ALCL cell lines, and very low or undetectable in 7 B-cell NHL cell lines, suggesting transcriptional downregulation of STING in neoplastic B-cells. At the protein level, using Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry performed on cell blocks, STING expression was found to be restricted to T-cell NHL cell lines. Taken together, STING expression represents a novel biomarker and therapeutic target in T- and NK-cell lymphomas with direct immunotherapeutic implications since modulators of cGAS\u2013STING activity are already available for clinical use.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14051186","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,24]],"date-time":"2022-02-24T21:11:07Z","timestamp":1645737067000},"page":"1186","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Sting Is Commonly and Differentially Expressed in T- and Nk-Cell but Not B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Ioanna","family":"Xagoraris","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institute, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Farrajota Neves da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institute, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georgia","family":"Kokaraki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institute, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Konstantina","family":"Stathopoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institute, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bj\u00f6rn","family":"Wahlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anders","family":"\u00d6sterborg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institute, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9468-4543","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nikolas","family":"Herold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Health, Karolinska Institute, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6051-6410","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Siok-Bian","family":"Ng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119074, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6577-8006","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L. Jeffrey","family":"Medeiros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4692-5389","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elias","family":"Drakos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71110 Heraklion, Crete, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Birgitta","family":"Sander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George Z.","family":"Rassidakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institute, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-19-0761","article-title":"The Cytosolic DNA-Sensing cGAS-STING Pathway in Cancer","volume":"10","author":"Kwon","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Discov."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Swerdlow, S.H., Campo, E., Harris, N.L., Jaffe, E.S., Pileri, S.A., Stein, H., and Thiele, J. 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