{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T19:19:00Z","timestamp":1791919140159,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,12]],"date-time":"2022-04-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1649721600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["856620"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["856620"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We used the Swedish Cancer Registry data to address familial risks for concordant (same) and discordant (different) hepatobiliary cancers, including their associations with any other cancers and with known risk factors. Risks were also assessed between spouses. The analysis covered Swedish families and their cancers between years 1958 and 2018. Adjusted familial risks were expressed as standardized incidence ratios (SIRs). Familial SIRs for concordant hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were 2.60, and for gallbladder cancer they were at the same level (2.76). Familial risk was also found for intrahepatic bile duct cancer and for female extrahepatic bile duct cancer. HCC was associated with lung and cervical cancers; extrahepatic bile duct and ampullary cancers were associated with colon and pancreatic cancers, suggesting Lynch syndrome. Among spouses, hepatobiliary cancer was associated with HCC, stomach, pancreatic, cervical and upper aerodigestive tract cancers. Among risk factors, family members diagnosed with alcohol-related disease showed association with HCC. The observed familial risks for hepatobiliary cancers were relatively high, and considering the poor prognosis of these cancers, prevention is of the utmost importance and should focus on moderation of alcohol consumption, vaccination\/treatment of hepatitis viral infections and avoidance of overweight and other risk factors of type 2 diabetes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14081938","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,12]],"date-time":"2022-04-12T21:15:35Z","timestamp":1649798135000},"page":"1938","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Familial Risks for Liver, Gallbladder and Bile Duct Cancers and for Their Risk Factors in Sweden, a Low-Incidence Country"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2769-3316","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kari","family":"Hemminki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Center in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, 30605 Pilsen, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 580, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany"},{"name":"Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, 205 02 Malm\u00f6, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristina","family":"Sundquist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, 205 02 Malm\u00f6, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA"},{"name":"Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA"},{"name":"Center for Community-Based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Department of Functional Pathology, School of Medicine, Shimane University, Shimane 693-8501, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Sundquist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, 205 02 Malm\u00f6, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA"},{"name":"Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA"},{"name":"Center for Community-Based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Department of Functional Pathology, School of Medicine, Shimane University, Shimane 693-8501, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9857-4728","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asta","family":"F\u00f6rsti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, 205 02 Malm\u00f6, Sweden"},{"name":"Hopp Children\u2019s Cancer Center (KiTZ), D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany"},{"name":"Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vaclav","family":"Liska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, School of Medicine in Pilsen, University Hospital, Charles University, 30605 Pilsen, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Center in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, 30605 Pilsen, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7103-8530","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Akseli","family":"Hemminki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Translational Immunology Research Program, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland"},{"name":"Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki University Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5559-4657","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xinjun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, 205 02 Malm\u00f6, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00153-7","article-title":"Biliary tract cancer","volume":"397","author":"Valle","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1450","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1713263","article-title":"Hepatocellular Carcinoma","volume":"380","author":"Villanueva","year":"2019","journal-title":"N. 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