{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T16:39:57Z","timestamp":1790959197781,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":150,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,23]],"date-time":"2022-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1650672000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020R1A6A1A03044512"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020R1A6A1A03044512"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2021R1A2C2004177"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2021R1A2C2004177"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cancer cachexia is a condition marked by functional, metabolic, and immunological dysfunctions associated with skeletal muscle (SM) atrophy, adipose tissue loss, fat reduction, systemic inflammation, and anorexia. Generally, the condition is caused by a variety of mediators produced by cancer cells and cells in tumor microenvironments. Myostatin and activin signaling, IGF-1\/PI3K\/AKT signaling, and JAK-STAT signaling are known to play roles in cachexia, and thus, these pathways are considered potential therapeutic targets. This review discusses the current state of knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying cachexia and the available therapeutic options and was undertaken to increase understanding of the various factors\/pathways\/mediators involved and to identify potential treatment options.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14092107","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,23]],"date-time":"2022-04-23T08:14:06Z","timestamp":1650701646000},"page":"2107","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Molecular Mechanisms and Current Treatment Options for Cancer Cachexia"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2829-2768","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Syed Sayeed","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea"},{"name":"Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1095-8445","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Khurshid","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea"},{"name":"Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7489-2393","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sibhghatulla","family":"Shaikh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea"},{"name":"Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5566-5171","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hye Jin","family":"You","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tumor Microenvironment Branch, Division of Cancer Biology, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, 323 Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang 10408, Gyeonggi-do, Korea"},{"name":"Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, 323, Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyaan 10408, Gyeonggi-do, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eun-Young","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tumor Microenvironment Branch, Division of Cancer Biology, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, 323 Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang 10408, Gyeonggi-do, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4724-5086","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shahid","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2496-0463","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eun Ju","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea"},{"name":"Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Inho","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea"},{"name":"Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12652","article-title":"Inflammation-induced cholestasis in cancer cachexia","volume":"12","author":"Thibaut","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. 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