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Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is the surgical treatment of choice in highly selected patients. The aim of this narrative review was to assess the impact of cachexia, sarcopenia, and body mass index (BMI) on patient outcomes for patients undergoing CRS and HIPEC for peritoneal carcinomatosis. A narrative review was performed and articles pertaining to cachexia, sarcopenia, BMI, peritoneal carcinomatosis, and CRS\/HIPEC were reviewed and selected. In total, 3041 articles were screened and seven original studies met the inclusion criteria. In summary, obesity was found to not be a contraindication to surgery, but the impact of BMI was variable across the spectrum. Decreased skeletal muscle mass was found to be associated with poorer postoperative outcomes in three studies and with worse overall survival in two. With limited data, evaluating the impact of BMI, sarcopenia, and cachexia on patients with PC undergoing CRS and HIPEC was difficult as most studies included heterogeneous cancer patient populations; thus, postoperative outcomes and survival were inconsistent across studies. More research is needed to better understand its impact and to better generalize the results for each cancer subset treated with CRS and HIPEC across diverse patient populations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14122853","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,9]],"date-time":"2022-06-09T10:49:14Z","timestamp":1654771754000},"page":"2853","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["A Review of the Clinical Implications of Cachexia, Sarcopenia, and BMI in Patients with Peritoneal Carcinomatosis Receiving Cytoreductive Surgery and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9117-0130","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Devon C.","family":"Freudenberger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, 1200 E Broad St., P.O. Box 980011, Richmond, VA 23219, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3624-3771","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vignesh","family":"Vudatha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, 1200 E Broad St., P.O. Box 980011, Richmond, VA 23219, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2088-5400","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea N.","family":"Riner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, 1600 SW Archer Rd., P.O. Box 100287, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0454-0931","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kelly M.","family":"Herremans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, 1600 SW Archer Rd., P.O. Box 100287, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leopoldo J.","family":"Fernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, 1200 E Broad St., P.O. Box 980011, Richmond, VA 23219, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jose G.","family":"Trevino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, 1200 E Broad St., P.O. 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