{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T02:20:24Z","timestamp":1780626024634,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,2]],"date-time":"2022-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656720000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)","award":["UID\/NEU\/04539\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/NEU\/04539\/2019"]}]},{"name":"Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)","award":["UIDB\/04539\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04539\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)","award":["UIDP\/04539\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04539\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)","award":["POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007440"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007440"]}]},{"name":"Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)","award":["SFRH\/BD\/136973\/2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BD\/136973\/2018"]}]},{"name":"COMPETE-FEDER","award":["UID\/NEU\/04539\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/NEU\/04539\/2019"]}]},{"name":"COMPETE-FEDER","award":["UIDB\/04539\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04539\/2020"]}]},{"name":"COMPETE-FEDER","award":["UIDP\/04539\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04539\/2020"]}]},{"name":"COMPETE-FEDER","award":["POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007440"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007440"]}]},{"name":"COMPETE-FEDER","award":["SFRH\/BD\/136973\/2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BD\/136973\/2018"]}]},{"name":"FCT and European Social Funding I. A. M.","award":["UID\/NEU\/04539\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/NEU\/04539\/2019"]}]},{"name":"FCT and European Social Funding I. A. M.","award":["UIDB\/04539\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04539\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT and European Social Funding I. A. M.","award":["UIDP\/04539\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04539\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT and European Social Funding I. A. M.","award":["POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007440"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007440"]}]},{"name":"FCT and European Social Funding I. A. M.","award":["SFRH\/BD\/136973\/2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BD\/136973\/2018"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) syndrome is a condition in which individuals have an increased risk of developing different types of cancer when compared to the general population. BRCA1 repair associated (BRCA1) and BRCA2 repair associated (BRCA2) genes are tumor suppressor genes that play a crucial role in cell, by repairing DNA damage. Mutations in these genes are responsible for 25% of HBOC cases. Individuals with this syndrome are often subjected to diagnostic imaging techniques, as well as therapeutic options, that use ionizing radiation, so it is crucial to understand whether these individuals may present higher radiosensitivity and, therefore, its consequences. Several studies have been carried out to understand if the exposure to different ionizing radiation doses can induce cancer in individuals with HBOC. Some of these studies have shown that individuals with HBOC are hypersensitive to the ionizing radiation and, therefore, have neoplasms resulting from mutations in genes that are important in maintaining genomic stability. When mutated, genes no longer guarantee this stability and promote the induction of carcinogenesis. Oppositely, other studies show that there is no association between exposure to ionizing radiation and an increased risk of developing cancer. Thus, the results are inconsistent, and there is a great need to clarify this relationship. In this review, we present the characteristics of HBOC syndrome and the effects that ionizing radiation can induce in individuals who have it. In addition, we review the studies that have already been carried out on this subject.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14133254","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,2]],"date-time":"2022-07-02T11:12:35Z","timestamp":1656760355000},"page":"3254","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["An Overview on Radiation Sensitivity in Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Diana","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Coimbra, Rua S\u00edlvio Lima, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7994-4650","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Salom\u00e9","family":"Pires","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5690-3020","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"In\u00eas A.","family":"Marques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"In\u00eas","family":"Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Coimbra, Rua S\u00edlvio Lima, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriela","family":"Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Portuguese Oncology Institute of Coimbra Francisco Gentil, Avenida Dr. Bissaya Barreto n\u00ba98, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7202-1650","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Filomena","family":"Botelho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4185-7871","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Margarida","family":"Abrantes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Medical Imaging and Radiotherapy Department, Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, ESTESC-Coimbra Health School, Rua 5 de Outubro, 3046-854 Coimbra, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Petrucelli, N., Daly, M.B., and Pal, T. (1993). BRCA1- and BRCA2-Associated Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer, University of Washington. GeneReviews."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1167","DOI":"10.1007\/s12282-020-01148-2","article-title":"Hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC): Review of its molecular characteristics, screening, treatment, and prognosis","volume":"28","author":"Yoshida","year":"2021","journal-title":"Breast Cancer"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531790","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2020.531790","article-title":"Pathology of Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer","volume":"10","author":"Hodgson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1038\/s10038-020-00849-y","article-title":"The relationship between BRCA-associated breast cancer and age factors: An analysis of the Japanese HBOC consortium database","volume":"66","author":"Okano","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc.2016.72","article-title":"Hereditary breast and ovarian cancer: New genes in confined pathways","volume":"16","author":"Nielsen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2016.00071","article-title":"Evaluation of BRCAPRO Risk Assessment Model in Patients with Ductal Carcinoma In Situ Who Underwent Clinical BRCA Genetic Testing","volume":"7","author":"Elsayegh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Genet."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hart, S.N., Polley, E.C., Yussuf, A., Yadav, S., Goldgar, D.E., Hu, C., LaDuca, H., Smith, L.P., Fujimoto, J., and Li, S. (2020). Mutation prevalence tables for hereditary cancer derived from multigene panel testing. Hum. Mutat., 41.","DOI":"10.1002\/humu.24053"},{"key":"ref_8","unstructured":"(2009). Understanding Genetics: A New York, Mid-Atlantic Guide for Patients and Health Professionals, Genetic Alliance."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"a003236","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a003236","article-title":"Oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes","volume":"2","author":"Lee","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Biol."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2109","DOI":"10.7150\/jca.30410","article-title":"BRCA Genes: The Role in Genome Stability, Cancer Stemness and Therapy Resistance","volume":"10","author":"Gorodetska","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Clark, S.L., Rodriguez, A.M., Snyder, R.R., Hankins, G.D., and Boehning, D. (2012). STRUCTURE-FUNCTION OF THE TUMOR SUPPRESSOR BRCA1. Comput. Struct. Biotechnol. J., 1.","DOI":"10.5936\/csbj.201204005"},{"key":"ref_12","unstructured":"National Center for Biotechnology Information (2022, June 08). BRCA1 BRCA1 DNA Repair Associated [Homo sapiens (Human)], Available online: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/gene?Db=gene&Cmd=DetailsSearch&Term=672."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc3181","article-title":"BRCA1 and BRCA2: Different roles in a common pathway of genome protection","volume":"12","author":"Roy","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_14","unstructured":"National Center for Biotechnology Information (2022, June 08). BRCA2 BRCA2 DNA Repair Associated [Homo sapiens (Human)], Available online: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/gene?Db=gene&Cmd=DetailsSearch&Term=675."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vidarsson, H., Mikaelsdottir, E., Eyfj\u00f6rd, J., Ogmundsdottir, H., Rafnar, T., and Valgeirsdottir, S. (2000). BRCA2 interacting proteins. Breast Cancer Res., 2.","DOI":"10.1186\/bcr160"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kelsey, C.A., Heintz, P.H., Sandoval, D.J., Chambers, G.D., Adolphi, N.L., and Paffett, K.S. (2014). Radiation Biology of Medical Imaging, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. [1st ed.].","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118517154"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Beyzadeoglu, M., Ozyigit, G., and Ebruli, C. (2010). Radiation Physics. Basic Radiation Oncology, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-11666-7"},{"key":"ref_18","unstructured":"Podgorsak, E.B. (2005). Basic Radiation Physics. Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students, IAEA."},{"key":"ref_19","first-page":"437","article-title":"Radiation in medicine: Origins, risks and aspirations","volume":"2014","author":"Donya","year":"2014","journal-title":"Glob. Cardiol. Sci. Pract."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kelsey, C.A., Heintz, P.H., Sandoval, D.J., Chambers, G.D., Adolphi, N.L., and Paffett, K.S. (2014). Radiation Interactions with Tissue. Radiation Biology of Medical Imaging, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. [1st ed.].","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118517154"},{"key":"ref_21","unstructured":"Podgorsak, E.B. (2010). Minimum Essential Syllabus for Radiobiology. Radiation Biology: A Handbook for Teachers and Students, IAEA."},{"key":"ref_22","first-page":"224","article-title":"Relative Biological Effectiveness (RBE) of 131I Radiation Relative to 60Co Gamma Rays","volume":"15","author":"Mahdavi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell J."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kelsey, C.A., Heintz, P.H., Sandoval, D.J., Chambers, G.D., Adolphi, N.L., and Paffett, K.S. (2014). Cell Survival Curves. Radiation Biology of Medical Imaging, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. [1st ed.].","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118517154"},{"key":"ref_24","first-page":"247","article-title":"Targeted and non-targeted effects of ionizing radiation","volume":"8","author":"Desouky","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Radiat. Res. Appl. Sci."},{"key":"ref_25","unstructured":"Gon\u00e7alo, M., and Botelho, M.F. (2007). Radia\u00e7\u00f5es e Electricidade. Fisiopatologia\u2014Fundamentos e Aplica\u00e7\u00f5es, Lidel\u2014Edi\u00e7\u00f5es T\u00e9cnicas Lda."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.2147\/CCID.S86822","article-title":"Dietary water affects human skin hydration and biomechanics","volume":"8","author":"Rodrigues","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Cosmet. Investig. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kelsey, C.A., Heintz, P.H., Sandoval, D.J., Chambers, G.D., Adolphi, N.L., and Paffett, K.S. (2014). DNA and Genetics. Radiation Biology of Medical Imaging, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. [1st ed.].","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118517154"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kelsey, C.A., Heintz, P.H., Sandoval, D.J., Chambers, G.D., Adolphi, N.L., and Paffett, K.S. (2014). Radiation Damage and Repair of Cells. Radiation Biology of Medical Imaging, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. [1st ed.].","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118517154"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1007\/s42764-020-00026-7","article-title":"Targeting DNA repair pathways: Mechanisms and potential applications in cancer therapy","volume":"1","author":"Bai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Genome Instab. Dis."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01408","article-title":"DNA damage and repair","volume":"421","author":"Friedberg","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1002\/em.22087","article-title":"Mechanisms of DNA damage, repair, and mutagenesis","volume":"58","author":"Chatterjee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Mol. Mutagen."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2020.00122","article-title":"Mismatch Repair Pathway, Genome Stability and Cancer","volume":"7","author":"Kafka","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Mol. Biosci."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1186\/2041-9414-3-9","article-title":"Pathway choice in DNA double strand break repair: Observations of a balancing act","volume":"3","author":"Brandsma","year":"2012","journal-title":"Genome Integr."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1191\/096032799678840291","article-title":"Research of the adaptive response induced by low-dose radiation: Where have we been and where should we go?","volume":"18","author":"Cai","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hum. Exp. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1667\/RR3421.1","article-title":"DNA Damage Responses at Low Radiation Doses","volume":"164","author":"Short","year":"2005","journal-title":"Radiat. Res."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2020190389","article-title":"Biological Effects of Low-Dose Chest CT on Chromosomal DNA","volume":"295","author":"Sakane","year":"2020","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"ref_37","first-page":"177","article-title":"The Role of DNA Damage Induced by Low\/High Dose Ionizing Radiation in Cell Carcinogenesis","volume":"6","author":"Jia","year":"2021","journal-title":"Explor. Res. Hypothesis Med."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.2741\/4230","article-title":"The breast cancer susceptibility genes (BRCA) in breast and ovarian cancers","volume":"19","author":"Paul","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Biosci. Landmark Ed."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2014.12.002","article-title":"Diagnostic and therapeutic ionizing radiation and the risk of a first and second primary breast cancer, with special attention for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers: A critical review of the literature","volume":"41","author":"Drooger","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cancer Treat. Rev."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"804","DOI":"10.1038\/386804a0","article-title":"Embryonic lethality and radiation hypersensitivity mediated by Rad51 in mice lacking Brca2","volume":"386","author":"Sharan","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(06)70624-6","article-title":"Screening mammography and risk of breast cancer in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers: A case-control study","volume":"7","author":"Narod","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2311","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-06-0176","article-title":"Effect of Mammography on Breast Cancer Risk in Women with Mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2","volume":"15","author":"Goldfrank","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol. Biomark. Prev."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1547","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-13-0189","article-title":"Diagnostic Chest X-rays and Breast Cancer Risk before Age 50 Years for BRCA1 and BRCA2 Mutation Carriers","volume":"22","author":"John","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol. Biomark. Prev."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-014-3063-y","article-title":"Mammography screening and the risk of breast cancer in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers: A prospective study","volume":"147","author":"Giannakeas","year":"2014","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res. Treat."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3361","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.03.3126","article-title":"Effect of Chest X-Rays on the Risk of Breast Cancer Among BRCA1\/2 Mutation Carriers in the International BRCA1\/2 Carrier Cohort Study: A Report from the EMBRACE, GENEPSO, GEO-HEBON, and IBCCS Collaborators\u2019 Group","volume":"24","author":"Andrieu","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-011-1655-3","article-title":"Variation in breast cancer risk with mutation position, smoking, alcohol, and chest X-ray history, in the French National BRCA1\/2 carrier cohort (GENEPSO)","volume":"130","author":"Lecarpentier","year":"2011","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res. Treat."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e5660","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.e5660","article-title":"Exposure to diagnostic radiation and risk of breast cancer among carriers of BRCA1\/2 mutations: Retrospective cohort study (GENE-RAD-RISK)","volume":"345","author":"Pijpe","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1186\/s13058-016-0709-1","article-title":"Increased chromosomal radiosensitivity in asymptomatic carriers of a heterozygous BRCA1 mutation","volume":"18","author":"Baert","year":"2016","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1379","DOI":"10.3892\/or.2017.5407","article-title":"Analysis of chromosomal radiosensitivity of healthy BRCA2 mutation carriers and non-carriers in BRCA families with the G2 micronucleus assay","volume":"37","author":"Baert","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncol. Rep."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R26","DOI":"10.1186\/bcr1668","article-title":"Identification of women with an increased risk of developing radiation-induced breast cancer: A case only study","volume":"9","author":"Broeks","year":"2007","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-010-0894-z","article-title":"Local therapy in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers with operable breast cancer: Comparison of breast conservation and mastectomy","volume":"121","author":"Phillips","year":"2010","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res. Treat."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1384","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2011.120","article-title":"Predictors of contralateral breast cancer in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers","volume":"104","author":"Metcalfe","year":"2011","journal-title":"Br. J. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2979","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2013.04.028","article-title":"Contralateral breast cancer after radiotherapy among BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers: A WECARE Study Report","volume":"49","author":"Bernstein","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. J. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2020.02.020","article-title":"Radiation-Associated Secondary Malignancies in BRCA Mutation Carriers Treated for Breast Cancer","volume":"107","author":"Schlosser","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Radiat. Oncol."}],"container-title":["Cancers"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6694\/14\/13\/3254\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T23:42:02Z","timestamp":1760139722000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6694\/14\/13\/3254"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,2]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"13","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]}},"alternative-id":["cancers14133254"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cancers14133254","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-6694"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2072-6694","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,2]]}}}