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Due to its reactive chemical components and near-room temperature nature, CAP has promising applications in diverse branches of medicine, including microorganism sterilization, biofilm inactivation, wound healing, and cancer therapy. Currently, hundreds of in vitro demonstrations of CAP-based cancer treatments have been reported. However, preclinical studies, particularly in vivo studies, are pivotal to achieving a final clinical application. Here, we comprehensively introduced the research status of the preclinical usage of CAP in cancer treatment, by primarily focusing on the in vivo studies over the past decade. We summarized the primary research strategies in preclinical and clinical studies, including transdermal CAP treatment, post-surgical CAP treatment, CAP-activated solutions treatment, and sensitization treatment to drugs. Finally, the underlying mechanism was discussed based on the latest understanding.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14143461","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,17]],"date-time":"2022-07-17T21:00:28Z","timestamp":1658091628000},"page":"3461","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":74,"title":["Preclinical Cold Atmospheric Plasma Cancer Treatment"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Ruby","family":"Limanowski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9801-021X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dayun","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0869-4310","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Keidar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.21873\/invivo.11570","article-title":"Plasma medicine: A field of applied redox biology","volume":"33","author":"Schmidt","year":"2019","journal-title":"In Vivo"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1002\/ppap.200700154","article-title":"Applied plasma medicine","volume":"5","author":"Fridman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Plasma Processes Polym."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"033001","DOI":"10.1088\/0963-0252\/24\/3\/033001","article-title":"Plasma for cancer treatment","volume":"24","author":"Keidar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Plasma Sources Sci. 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