{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T05:43:35Z","timestamp":1788587015325,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":111,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,2]],"date-time":"2022-08-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659398400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Swiss Cancer League","award":["#KFS-4851-273 08-2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#KFS-4851-273 08-2019"]}]},{"name":"Swiss Cancer League","award":["#310030_192648"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#310030_192648"]}]},{"name":"Swiss National Science Foundation","award":["#KFS-4851-273 08-2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#KFS-4851-273 08-2019"]}]},{"name":"Swiss National Science Foundation","award":["#310030_192648"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#310030_192648"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>MPM is an aggressive tumor originating from pleural mesothelial cells. A characteristic feature of the disease is the dominant prevalence of therapeutically intractable inactivating alterations in TSGs, making MPM one of the most difficult cancers to treat and the epitome of a cancer characterized by a significant lack of therapy options and an extremely poor prognosis (5-year survival rate of only 5% to 10%). Extensive interpatient heterogeneity poses another major challenge for targeted therapy of MPM, warranting stratified therapy for specific subgroups of MPM patients. Accurate preclinical models are critical for the discovery of new therapies and the development of personalized medicine. Organoids, an in vitro \u2018organ-like\u2019 3D structure derived from patient tumor tissue that faithfully mimics the biology and complex architecture of cancer and largely overcomes the limitations of other existing models, are the next-generation tumor model. Although organoids have been successfully produced and used in many cancers, the development of MPM organoids is still in its infancy. Here, we provide an overview of recent advances in cancer organoids, focusing on the progress and challenges in MPM organoid development. We also elaborate the potential of MPM organoids for understanding MPM pathobiology, discovering new therapeutic targets, and developing personalized treatments for MPM patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14153758","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,2]],"date-time":"2022-08-02T21:41:37Z","timestamp":1659476497000},"page":"3758","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Organoids as a Model for Precision Medicine in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: Where Are We Today?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Yanyun","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of BioMedical Research (DBMR), Oncology-Thoracic Malignancies (OTM), University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6085-7706","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marianna","family":"Kruithof-de Julio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Urology Research Laboratory, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland"},{"name":"Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), Translation Organoid Research, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Urology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, 3008 Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1199-6520","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ren-Wang","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of BioMedical Research (DBMR), Oncology-Thoracic Malignancies (OTM), University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7203-3122","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrick","family":"Dorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of BioMedical Research (DBMR), Oncology-Thoracic Malignancies (OTM), University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1207","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1912719","article-title":"Perspectives on the Treatment of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma","volume":"385","author":"Janes","year":"2021","journal-title":"N. 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