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In addition, there is a growing realization that ANPs might be related to immune response and tumor growth. The anti-inflammatory and immune-modulatory effects of ANPs in the tissue microenvironment are mediated through autocrine or paracrine mechanisms, which further suppress tumorigenesis. In cancers, ANPs show anti-proliferative effects through several molecular pathways. Furthermore, ANPs attenuate the side effects of cancer therapy. Therefore, ANPs act on several hallmarks of cancer, such as inflammation, angiogenesis, sustained tumor growth, and metastasis. In this review, we summarized the contributions of ANPs in diverse aspects of the immune system and the molecular mechanisms underlying the anti-cancer effects of ANPs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14163981","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,17]],"date-time":"2022-08-17T21:23:56Z","timestamp":1660771436000},"page":"3981","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Pleiotropic Roles of Atrial Natriuretic Peptide in Anti-Inflammation and Anti-Cancer Activity"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4989-8512","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Huafeng","family":"Fu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8870-515X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jian","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qinbo","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yulong","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China"},{"name":"Digestive Medicine Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, Shenzhen 518107, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dongjie","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China"},{"name":"Digestive Medicine Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.130.1.1309330","article-title":"Receptor selectivity of natriuretic peptide family, atrial natriuretic peptide, brain natriuretic peptide, and C-type natriuretic peptide","volume":"130","author":"Suga","year":"1992","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.3858\/emm.2012.44.6.041","article-title":"Dendroaspis natriuretic peptide regulates the cardiac L-type Ca2+ channel activity by the phosphorylation of \u03b11c proteins","volume":"44","author":"Park","year":"2012","journal-title":"Exp. 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