{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T05:05:34Z","timestamp":1790831134186,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":84,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,26]],"date-time":"2022-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661472000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Digital and interactive health interventions (DIHIs), such as virtual-reality-based therapy (VRBT) and smartphone-app-based therapy (SABT), may be useful for reducing the impact of the signs and symptoms of breast cancer (BC) in women. The aim of this meta-analysis was to explore the effect of DIHIs on improving pain, anxiety, depression, quality of life (QoL), and upper extremity (UE) disability-related lymphedema in women with BC. Methods: We searched PubMed Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL, Physiotherapy Evidence Database, and SciELO for the period ending February 2022. We included studies that assessed the effect of DIHIs on UE motor disability, pain, anxiety, depression, and QoL in women with BC. The effect size was calculated using Cohen\u2019s standardized mean difference (SMD) and its 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Results: Twenty studies providing data from 1613 women with BC were included. With respect to UE disability, DIHIs increased flexion (SMD, 1.92; 95%CI: \u22121.16, 2.68), abduction (SMD, 1.66; 95%CI: 0.91, 2.42), external rotation shoulder range of motion (SMD, 1.1; 95%CI: 0.36, 1.85), UE function (SMD, \u22120.72; 95%CI: \u22121.31, \u22120.13), and handgrip strength (SMD, 0.4; 95%CI: 0.21, 0.59). DIHIs reduced pain (SMD, \u22120.8; 95%CI: \u22121.31, \u22120.26), anxiety (SMD, \u22121.02; 95%CI: \u22121.71, \u22120.34), and depression (SMD, \u22121.57; 95%CI: \u22123.1, \u22120.08). Finally, DIHIs increased overall health (SMD, 0.6; 95%CI: 0.31, 0.89). Conclusions: Right at the end of therapy, DIHIs are effective at improving UE function, pain, anxiety, depression, and QoL in women with BC. VRBT has a greater effect than SABT for the assessed outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14174133","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,28]],"date-time":"2022-08-28T21:22:56Z","timestamp":1661721776000},"page":"4133","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Digital and Interactive Health Interventions Minimize the Physical and Psychological Impact of Breast Cancer, Increasing Women\u2019s Quality of Life: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8430-5500","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Esteban","family":"Obrero-Gait\u00e1n","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, University of Ja\u00e9n, Campus Las Lagunillas s\/n, 23071 Ja\u00e9n, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1876-1399","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irene","family":"Cort\u00e9s-P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, University of Ja\u00e9n, Campus Las Lagunillas s\/n, 23071 Ja\u00e9n, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tania","family":"Calet-Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cl\u00ednica Vitaudio Linares, Ba\u00f1os Street 16, 23700 Linares, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3160-7692","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"H\u00e9ctor","family":"Garc\u00eda-L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Therapy and Medicine, Department of Nursing, University of Almeria, Road Sacramento s\/n, 04120 Almeria, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda del Carmen","family":"L\u00f3pez Ruiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, University of Ja\u00e9n, Campus Las Lagunillas s\/n, 23071 Ja\u00e9n, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1293-2983","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda Catalina","family":"Osuna-P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, University of Ja\u00e9n, Campus Las Lagunillas s\/n, 23071 Ja\u00e9n, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21492","article-title":"Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries","volume":"68","author":"Bray","year":"2018","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. 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