{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T01:00:57Z","timestamp":1792803657261,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,27]],"date-time":"2022-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664236800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Cancer Center (NCC)","award":["HA21C0164"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HA21C0164"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Health and Welfare, Republic of Korea","award":["HA21C0164"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HA21C0164"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00vxgjw72","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: This study aimed to identify the association between various obesity indexes, including waist circumference (WC), waist\u2013hip ratio (WHR), waist\u2013height ratio (WHTR), and BMI, and their combinations with body mass index (BMI) and thyroid cancer risk. Methods: Of the 65,639 participants who completed a follow-up survey of the Health Examinee Study (HEXA), a prospective cohort of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study, 412 female incident thyroid cancer cases, and 1648 birth year- and enrollment year-matched female controls were included. Multiple conditional logistic regression was used to estimate the association between obesity indexes and thyroid cancer risk. Results: The risk of developing thyroid cancer was increased by 1.37-fold (95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.03\u20131.81) higher in the obese BMI group (\u226525.0 Kg\/m2) compared to that in the normal BMI group (&lt;23.0 Kg\/m2). Obesity in terms of WC (\u226585.0 cm) and WHTR (\u22650.5) was associated with an increased risk of thyroid cancer (OR 1.55, 95% CI = 1.16\u20132.07; OR 1.37, 95% CI = 1.07\u20131.75, respectively). However, increased WHR levels did not show any significant association. Women with both obese levels of BMI (\u226525.0 Kg\/m2) and other obesity indexes (WC \u2265 85.0 cm, WHR \u2265 0.85, or WHTR \u2265 0.5) showed an increased risk of thyroid cancer with OR of 1.63 (95% CI = 1.14\u20132.31), 1.49 (95% CI = 1.05\u20132.12), and 1.42 (95% CI = 1.04\u20131.94), compared to those with normal levels of BMI and each obesity index. Conclusion: These results provide evidence of the contribution of both total and central adiposity across the lifespan of thyroid cancer incidence. Risk factor modifications must be considered to explain the current thyroid cancer epidemic.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14194712","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,27]],"date-time":"2022-09-27T21:23:27Z","timestamp":1664313807000},"page":"4712","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Association between Obesity Indexes and Thyroid Cancer Risk in Korean Women: Nested Case\u2013Control Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Yoonyoung","family":"Jang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Korea"},{"name":"Program in Regional Information, Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taehwa","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Korea"},{"name":"Department of Psychology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 03063, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian H. S.","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Program in Regional Information, Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea"},{"name":"Program in Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1902-3184","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Boyoung","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21660","article-title":"Global Cancer Statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide for 36 Cancers in 185 Countries","volume":"71","author":"Sung","year":"2021","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. 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