{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T08:48:05Z","timestamp":1774946885883,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,28]],"date-time":"2022-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664323200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute (NCI)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["3R01CA246418-02S1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3R01CA246418-02S1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute (NCI)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5R01CA246418-03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5R01CA246418-03"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Breast cancer screening (BCS) with mammography is a crucial method for improving cancer survival. In this study, we examined the association of Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD) and AD-related dementias (ADRD) diagnosis and race\u2013ethnicity with mammography use in BCS-eligible women. In the real-world data from the OneFlorida+ Clinical Research Network, we extracted a cohort of 21,715 BCS-eligible women with ADRD and a matching comparison cohort of 65,145 BCS-eligible women without ADRD. In multivariable regression analysis, BCS-eligible women with ADRD were more likely to undergo a mammography than the BCS-eligible women without ADRD (odds ratio [OR] = 1.19, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.13\u20131.26). Stratified by race\u2013ethnicity, BCS-eligible Hispanic women with ADRD were more likely to undergo a mammography (OR = 1.56, 95% CI = 1.39\u20131.75), whereas BCS-eligible non-Hispanic black (OR = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.62\u20130.83) and non-Hispanic other (OR = 0.65, 95% CI = 0.45\u20130.93) women with ADRD were less likely to undergo a mammography. This study was the first to report the impact of ADRD diagnosis and race\u2013ethnicity on mammography use in BCS-eligible women using real-world data. Our results suggest ADRD patients might be undergoing BCS without detailed guidelines to maximize benefits and avoid harms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14194726","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,28]],"date-time":"2022-09-28T20:58:47Z","timestamp":1664398727000},"page":"4726","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The Impact of Race\u2013Ethnicity and Diagnosis of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease and Related Dementias on Mammography Use"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5100-3821","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aokun","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yongqiu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennifer N.","family":"Woodard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jessica Y.","family":"Islam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Moffit Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuang","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas J.","family":"George","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth A.","family":"Shenkman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2238-5429","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiang","family":"Bian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0587-4105","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21708","article-title":"Cancer Statistics, 2022","volume":"72","author":"Siegel","year":"2022","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. Clin."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S115","DOI":"10.3747\/co.25.3770","article-title":"Screening for Breast Cancer in 2018-What Should We Be Doing Today?","volume":"25","author":"Seely","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(20)30398-3","article-title":"Effect of Mammographic Screening from Age 40 Years on Breast Cancer Mortality (UK Age Trial): Final Results of a Randomised, Controlled Trial","volume":"21","author":"Duffy","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-111-5-389","article-title":"Screening for Breast Cancer","volume":"111","author":"Eddy","year":"1989","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.7326\/M15-2886","article-title":"Screening for Breast Cancer: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement","volume":"164","author":"Siu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)08020-0","article-title":"Long-Term Effects of Mammography Screening: Updated Overview of the Swedish Randomised Trials","volume":"359","author":"Andersson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nelson, H.D., Cantor, A., Humphrey, L., Fu, R., Pappas, M., Daeges, M., and Griffin, J. (2016). Screening for Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review to Update the 2009 U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Evidence Syntheses, formerly Systematic Evidence Reviews.","DOI":"10.7326\/M15-0970"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.7326\/M15-0969","article-title":"Effectiveness of Breast Cancer Screening: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis to Update the 2009 U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation","volume":"164","author":"Nelson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_9","unstructured":"IARC (2016). Breast Cancer Screening, IARC."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1599","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2015.12783","article-title":"Breast Cancer Screening for Women at Average Risk: 2015 Guideline Update from the American Cancer Society","volume":"314","author":"Oeffinger","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.3322\/canjclin.57.2.75","article-title":"American Cancer Society Guidelines for Breast Screening with MRI as an Adjunct to Mammography","volume":"57","author":"Saslow","year":"2007","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. Clin."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2017.11.034","article-title":"Breast Cancer Screening in Women at Higher-Than-Average Risk: Recommendations From the ACR","volume":"15","author":"Monticciolo","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Radiol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2017.06.001","article-title":"Breast Cancer Screening for Average-Risk Women: Recommendations from the ACR Commission on Breast Imaging","volume":"14","author":"Monticciolo","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Radiol."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39433.616678.25","article-title":"Survival Times in People with Dementia: Analysis from Population Based Cohort Study with 14 Year Follow-Up","volume":"336","author":"Xie","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1034","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610211002924","article-title":"Dementia Time to Death: A Systematic Literature Review on Survival Time and Years of Life Lost in People with Dementia","volume":"24","author":"Brodaty","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. Psychogeriatr."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-140-7-200404060-00008","article-title":"Survival after Initial Diagnosis of Alzheimer Disease","volume":"140","author":"Larson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-155-5-201109060-00007","article-title":"Cognitive Impairment: An Independent Predictor of Excess Mortality","volume":"155","author":"Sachs","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.3946","article-title":"Survival in Dementia and Predictors of Mortality: A Review","volume":"28","author":"Todd","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2014.301935","article-title":"Characterization of Dementia and Alzheimer\u2019s Disease in an Older Population: Updated Incidence and Life Expectancy with and without Dementia","volume":"105","author":"Tom","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am. J. Public Health"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1731","DOI":"10.1080\/03007995.2021.1953972","article-title":"Comparing the Downstream Costs and Healthcare Utilization Associated with the Use of Low-Dose Computed Tomography (LDCT) in Lung Cancer Screening in Patients with and without Alzheimer\u2019s Disease and Related Dementias (ADRD)","volume":"37","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr. Med. Res. Opin."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S454","DOI":"10.21037\/tlcr.2019.10.03","article-title":"Optimizing Selection of Candidates for Lung Cancer Screening: Role of Comorbidity, Frailty and Life Expectancy","volume":"8","author":"Advani","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transl. Lung Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1093\/geroni\/igaa057.478","article-title":"Compare Breast Cancer Screening, Diagnosis, and Treatment Between Medicare Patients with and without ADRD","volume":"4","author":"Weng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Innov. Aging"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocab221","article-title":"The OneFlorida Data Trust: A Centralized, Translational Research Data Infrastructure of Statewide Scope","volume":"29","author":"Hogan","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Am. Med. Inform. Assoc."},{"key":"ref_24","first-page":"188","article-title":"Charlson Comorbidity Index: ICD-9 Update and ICD-10 Translation","volume":"12","author":"Glasheen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. Health Drug. Benefits"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2015.04.001","article-title":"Exposing Some Important Barriers to Health Care Access in the Rural USA","volume":"129","author":"Douthit","year":"2015","journal-title":"Public Health"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1200\/OP.20.00174","article-title":"Closing the Rural Cancer Care Gap: Three Institutional Approaches","volume":"16","author":"Levit","year":"2020","journal-title":"JCO Oncol. Pract."},{"key":"ref_27","unstructured":"(2022, June 29). Rural-Urban Commuting Area (RUCA) Codes, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Available online: https:\/\/www.ers.usda.gov\/data-products\/rural-urban-commuting-area-codes\/documentation\/."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang, S., Bian, J., George, T.J., Daily, K., Zhang, D., Braithwaite, D., and Guo, Y. (2021). The Association between Cognitive Impairment and Breast and Colorectal Cancer Screening Utilization. BMC Cancer, 21.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-021-08321-6"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2019.01.005","article-title":"Survival Time and Differences between Dementia with Lewy Bodies and Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Following Diagnosis: A Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal Studies","volume":"50","author":"Mueller","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ageing Res. Rev."},{"key":"ref_30","unstructured":"(2022, August 31). Survival Following a Diagnosis of Alzheimer Disease|Dementia and Cognitive Impairment|JAMA Neurology|JAMA Network. Available online: https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamaneurology\/fullarticle\/783112."}],"container-title":["Cancers"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6694\/14\/19\/4726\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T00:41:08Z","timestamp":1760143268000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6694\/14\/19\/4726"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,28]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"19","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]}},"alternative-id":["cancers14194726"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cancers14194726","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-6694"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2072-6694","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,28]]}}}