{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T18:48:26Z","timestamp":1791830906549,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":173,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,6]],"date-time":"2022-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665014400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro (A.I.R.C.)"},{"name":"Associazione Italiana contro le Leucemie-linfomi e mieloma (AIL)"},{"name":"ONLUS \u201cRicerca per Credere nella Vita\u201d (RCV) odv, Padua\u2014Italy"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Malignant cells in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) are characterized by oxidative stress that is related to abundant generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by increased mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Lymphoid tissues have been shown to provide a protective microenvironment that antagonizes the effects of ROS, contributing to establishing redox homeostasis that supports the vitality of CLL cells. In the last few decades, a complex antioxidant machinery has been demonstrated to be activated in CLL cells, including the different superoxide dismutase (SOD) isoforms, the thioredoxin (Trx) system, and the enzyme cascade inducing glutathione (GSH) biosynthesis and recycling, to name a few. Their expression is known to be upregulated by the activation of specific transcription factors, which can be regulated by either oxidative stress or phosphorylation. These two latter aspects have mostly been explored separately, and only recently an increasing body of evidence has been providing reasonable inference that ROS and phosphorylation may cooperate in an interplay that contributes to the survival mechanisms of CLL cells. Here, we present an overview of how oxidative stress and phosphorylation-dependent signals are intertwined in CLL, focusing on transcription factors that regulate the balance between ROS production and scavenging.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14194881","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,8]],"date-time":"2022-10-08T00:07:43Z","timestamp":1665187663000},"page":"4881","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Protein Phosphorylation and Redox Status: An as Yet Elusive Dyad in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4186-7658","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mario Angelo","family":"Pagano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, 35121 Padua, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7093-2493","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Federica","family":"Frezzato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy"},{"name":"Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, 35129 Padua, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0271-7200","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Visentin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy"},{"name":"Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, 35129 Padua, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1222-6149","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Livio","family":"Trentin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy"},{"name":"Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, 35129 Padua, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna Maria","family":"Brunati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, 35121 Padua, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16096","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2016.96","article-title":"Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia","volume":"3","author":"Kipps","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. 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