{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T20:39:16Z","timestamp":1782160756055,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":96,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,11]],"date-time":"2022-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665446400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Research Foundation\u2014Flanders (FWO)","award":["12Z4722N"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12Z4722N"]}]},{"name":"senior postdoctoral research fellowship","award":["12Z4722N"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12Z4722N"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Local-regional administration of cytotoxic drugs is an important adjunct to systemic chemotherapy amongst cancer patients. It allows for targeted delivery of agents at high concentration to target sites while minimizing systemic side effects. Despite the pharmacokinetic advantages of the local\u2013regional approach, drug transport into tumor nodules remains limited due to the biophysical properties of these tissues. Electromotive enhanced drug administration (EMDA) represents a potential solution to overcome challenges in local drug transport by applying electric currents. Through electrokinetic phenomena of electromigration, electroosmosis and electroporation, electric currents have been shown to improve drug penetration and distribution in a wide variety of clinical applications. Amongst patients with non-muscular invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) and basal and squamous cell skin cancers, EMDA has been successfully adopted and proven efficacious in several pre-clinical and clinical studies. Its application in ophthalmological and other conditions has also been explored. This review provides an overview of the underlying principles and factors that govern EMDA and discusses its application in cancer patients. We also discuss novel EMDA approaches in pre-clinical studies and explore future opportunities of developments in this field.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14204980","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,11]],"date-time":"2022-10-11T22:18:13Z","timestamp":1665526693000},"page":"4980","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Electromotive Enhanced Drug Administration in Oncology: Principles, Evidence, Current and Emerging Applications"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Jolene Wong Si","family":"Min","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of GI Surgery, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7576-4150","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nidda","family":"Saeed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of GI Surgery, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4280-8991","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Annelies","family":"Coene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electromechanical, Systems and Metal Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium"},{"name":"Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), 9000 Ghent, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4034-1881","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mieke","family":"Adriaens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7692-4419","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wim","family":"Ceelen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of GI Surgery, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium"},{"name":"Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), 9000 Ghent, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1667","DOI":"10.1016\/S1359-6446(05)03698-6","article-title":"Essential properties of drug-targeting delivery systems","volume":"10","author":"Petrak","year":"2005","journal-title":"Drug Discov. 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