{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T21:35:54Z","timestamp":1791668154905,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,26]],"date-time":"2022-10-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1666742400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R00AR071508"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R00AR071508"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cachexia is a common complication of cancer and is associated with poor quality of life and a decrease in survival. Many patients with cancer cachexia suffer from inflammation associated with elevated cytokines, such as interleukin-1beta (IL-1\u03b2), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF). Single-agent trials to treat cancer cachexia have not led to substantial benefit as the type of cytokine which is elevated has rarely been specified and targeted. Cachexia may also be multifactorial, involving inflammation, anorexia, catabolism, depression, and pain, and targeting the multiple causes will likely be necessary to achieve improvement in weight and appetite. A PUBMED search revealed over 3000 articles on cancer cachexia in the past ten years. We attempted to review any studies related to inflammation and cancer cachexia identified by Google Scholar and PUBMED and further search for articles listed in their references. The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines do not provide any suggestion for managing cancer cachexia except a dietary consult. A more targeted approach to developing therapies for cancer cachexia might lead to more personalized and effective therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14215262","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,26]],"date-time":"2022-10-26T11:53:51Z","timestamp":1666785231000},"page":"5262","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Inflammation as a Therapeutic Target in Cancer Cachexia"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Gerald","family":"Clamon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology\/Oncology, Marrow and Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1007-9288","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Margaret M.","family":"Byrne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology\/Oncology, Marrow and Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4587-0950","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erin E.","family":"Talbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health and Human Physiology, University of Iowa, 285 Newton Road, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(10)70218-7","article-title":"Definition and classification of cancer cachexia: An international consensus","volume":"12","author":"Fearon","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1007\/s00262-021-02997-2","article-title":"Prognostic significance of cachexia in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with pembrolizumab","volume":"71","author":"Jo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol. 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