{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T04:33:47Z","timestamp":1760243627781,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,8]],"date-time":"2022-11-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667865600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003141","name":"CONACYT","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["214983","s1100244","098522","MR\/S017151\/1","MR\/N022556\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["214983","s1100244","098522","MR\/S017151\/1","MR\/N022556\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003141","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"University of Edinburgh","award":["214983","s1100244","098522","MR\/S017151\/1","MR\/N022556\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["214983","s1100244","098522","MR\/S017151\/1","MR\/N022556\/1"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004440","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["214983","s1100244","098522","MR\/S017151\/1","MR\/N022556\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["214983","s1100244","098522","MR\/S017151\/1","MR\/N022556\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004440","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014013","name":"UK Research and Innovation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["214983","s1100244","098522","MR\/S017151\/1","MR\/N022556\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["214983","s1100244","098522","MR\/S017151\/1","MR\/N022556\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014013","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"MRC Centre for Reproductive Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["214983","s1100244","098522","MR\/S017151\/1","MR\/N022556\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["214983","s1100244","098522","MR\/S017151\/1","MR\/N022556\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cytokeratin and desmin expression have been associated with Sertoli cell maturity and the development of testicular germ cell cancer (TGCC). Thus, the present study aimed to characterize the expression of these intermediate filaments in normal testis development and TGCC. Cytokeratin and desmin were determined by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence in human fetal, and adult testis and tissue from patients with pre-invasive germ cell neoplasia in-situ (GCNIS) or invasive TGCC. Desmin was expressed in Sertoli cells of the human fetal testis, and the proportion of desmin expressing Sertoli cells was significantly reduced in the second trimester, compared with the first trimester (31.14% vs. 6.74%, p = 0.0016). Additionally, Desmin was expressed in the majority of Sertoli cells in the adult testis and TGCC samples. Cytokeratin was detected in Sertoli cells of human fetal testis but was not expressed in Sertoli cells of human adult testis. In patients with TGCC, cytokeratin was not expressed in Sertoli cells in tubules with active spermatogenesis but was detected in Sertoli cells in tubules containing GCNIS cells in patients with both pre-invasive and invasive TGCC. In conclusion, desmin was not associated with Sertoli cell maturation or progression to TGCC. However, cytokeratin appeared to be an indicator of impaired Sertoli cell maturation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14225479","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,8]],"date-time":"2022-11-08T10:53:06Z","timestamp":1667904786000},"page":"5479","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Expression of Intermediate Filaments in the Developing Testis and Testicular Germ Cell Cancer"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4950-6574","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria E.","family":"Camacho-Moll","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology, Northeast Centre for Biomedical Research, Mexican Institute for Social Security, 2 de abril 501, Esq. San Luis Potosi, Col. Independencia, Monterrey C.P. 64720, Nuevo Le\u00f3n, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8146-1911","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leendert H. J.","family":"Looijenga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Princess M\u00e1xima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roland","family":"Donat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, Scotland, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chitranjan J.","family":"Shukla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, Scotland, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"J\u00f8rgensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Growth and Reproduction, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4650-3765","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rod T.","family":"Mitchell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen\u2019s Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, Scotland, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.293","article-title":"International Patterns and Trends in Testicular Cancer Incidence, Overall and by Histologic Subtype, 1973\u20132007","volume":"3","author":"Trabert","year":"2015","journal-title":"Andrology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmk006","article-title":"Developmental Model for the Pathogenesis of Testicular Carcinoma in Situ: Genetic and Environmental Aspects","volume":"12","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hum. 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